Ecosystem
What is an organism?
A living thing.
Identify the four spheres of Earth.
Lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere.
What is electricity made up of?
Moving charges that are created by the continuous movement of electrons from one atom to another.
Identify three forms of energy.
Electrical, thermal, kinetic, mechanical, chemical, light, sound, radiant, potential, etc.
Define renewable resource.
A resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally.
What does the arrow in a food chain describe?
The transfer of energy from one organism to another. It also means that the organism is eaten by another organism.
Which of the following items does not belong to the atmosphere? (Cloud, air, dust and ozone)
Cloud
The four basic parts of a simple circuit include?
Energy source, conductor, load and switch.
The three methods of heat transfer are?
Conduction, convection and radiation
List three examples of non-renewable resource.
Fossil fuel (includes oil and coal), uranium and natural gas.
Distinguish between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
Biotic factors are the living component of an ecosystem. Abiotic components are non-living things and physical factors in the environment which affect ecosystems.
The four spheres of Earth are described as a collection of?
Four interdependent parts.
What relationship does Ohm's law describe?
V (Voltage) = I (Current) * R (Resistance)
Distinguish energy transfer and transformation.
Energy transfer is to move energy from one location to another. Energy transformation is to change energy from one form to another.
To reduce the energy bill and slow down the depletion of fossil fuel (or non-renewable energy source).
List the three important cycles of materials in ecosystem.
Nitrogen, carbon and oxygen cycle.
Identify two human activities that have enhanced the process of climate change.
Burning fossil fuel, agriculture activity and deforestation.
In what circuit is the voltage unaffected by the number of light bulbs in the circuit.
A parallel circuit.
Explain why it is difficult to have a 100% energy efficient device?
Multiple forms of energy can be produced during energy transformation.
List an example of alternative fuel and how it is obtained or manufactured.
Hydrogen gas from electrolysis of water, ethanol extracted from sugarcane, oil extracted from plants and methanol made from natural gas, coal or biomass.
Identify the impact of introducing cane toads to the Australian ecosystems. (One example sufficient)
"Cause large predator's population to decline", "Decrease in the number of native frog and toad population", "Decrease the population of predators that hunts native frog and toads", "Competition native species and introduced species", etc.
Outline the impact of earthquake to the atmosphere.
Cause radioactive gas to be released from the Earth's crust. Decrease in the level of oxygen due to loss of trees and forest.
What happens to the conductor when its resistance approaches zero?
It becomes a superconductor.
Correctly describe the energy transformation in a campfire.
Chemical -> Heat & Light
Explain why hybrid electric cars are more energy efficient.
"They are powered by both petrol and electricity", "Uses regenerative braking and deceleration", "A light weighted body and aerodynamics low drag", etc.