Expertise
This type of learning relates to skimming for an exam the night before
Surface learning
The belief that you can accomplish a task
This aspect of self-compassion includes being understanding toward yourself in a difficult moment
Self-kindness
Also known as bottom up reasoning
Deductive reasoning
We call this a model of how you view the world
Mental paradigm (mental model)
This is what occurs when one faces multiple obstacles and they feel as if they cannot help themselves (even if circumstances change)
Learned helplessness
Contingent self-worth
Your image of yourself
Self-esteem
This theorist believed in experiential learning (learning by doing and reflecting experience)
John Dewey
Thinking about thinking
Metacognition
This is related to the goal of making good grades, primarily for recognition
Strategic learning
Dweck found that this state can prevent students from engaging in challenging work
Fixed mindset
Basing your self-worth on grades may lead to this type of approach
Performance approach
When you are looking for one exact answer (i.e. working on a worksheet of math questions)
Well-structured problems
Phenomenon where one may not do well on a task due to the negative perceptions of an aspect of their identity
Stereotype threat
Pursuing something because you truly value it reflects this type of motivation
Intrinsic motivation
This process shapes our perceptions of reality and beliefs (like failure)
Socialization
This happens when you want to protect your self-esteem at all costs, even if it means to not try something you may be good at
Self-handicapping
These have no definitive answer
Ill-structured problems
This brain builds and stores your mental models and helps you reason
Spock brain
This type of expert loves to invent and tackle difficult problems
Adaptive experts
Overestimating another person's disposition and underestimating the situation can lead to this phenomenon
Fundamental attribution error
These types of learners will draw connections between texts, evaluate the quality of arguments, and formulate big questions on their own
Active learners
The type of thinking when you are beginning to include others' and one's own perspectives and opinions
Quasi-reflective thinking
This shining example can blind your brain and prevent you from looking at details carefully
Vividness bias