Dispersal Drivers and Consequences
When dispersal declines as density rises, this pattern is called this type of density-dependent dispersal.
What is negative density-dependent dispersal?
This term describes the distance over which an animal can detect habitat, mates, food, or other cues relevant to movement.
What is perceptual range?
When animals prefer to settle near members of their own species, the behavior is called this.
What is conspecific attraction?
This broad property describes how easily individuals, genes, or movements can pass among habitat areas.
What is connectivity?
This behavioral response occurs when animals subsequently avoid traps after an initial capture, causing reduced recapture probability.
What is trap shyness?
This type of dispersal occurs when an adult changes locations between reproduction attempts.
What is breeding dispersal?
A narrow landscape element intended to facilitate movement between habitat areas is called this.
What is a habitat corridor?
Learning-based preference for habitat that resembles the environment in which an animal was raised is called this.
What is habitat imprinting?
A manager wanting to directly track animal movements among patches might use this field approach involving collars or tags.
What is telemetry or GPS/radio tracking?
When animals avoid settling in high quality habitat due a cue mismatch, this is known as a(n) _____.
What is a perceptual trap?
Explanations based on fitness benefits, such as avoiding inbreeding or reducing kin competition, are this type of cause.
What are ultimate causes?
One alternative to building corridors is simply increasing this attribute of habitat patches so they are easier targets and support more individuals.
What is patch size?
Using environmental signals to judge habitat quality before settling is called habitat ___.
What is habitat cueing?
A manager wanting to infer successful movement and reproduction among patches over generations might use these kinds of data.
What are genetic data?
This habitat-selection model predicts that early settlers monopolize the best sites, forcing later arrivals into progressively worse ones because sites become unavailable.
What is the Ideal Preemptive Distribution?
Causes such as hormone levels, local crowding, or recent predation risk are this type of explanation for why dispersal occurs.
What are proximate causes?
Instead of a continuous corridor, managers may use a series of small intermediate habitat patches known as these.
What are stepping stones?
An animal selects a target habitat because it has learned to move and forage successfully in that habitat type. This is an example of ___.
What is habitat training?
The area between patches can strongly alter movement; in landscape ecology, this term refers to the interstitial land cover surrounding habitat patches.
What is the matrix?
If detection probability is overestimated, population size estimates will typically be biased in this direction.
What is an underestimate?
Besides energetic costs and mortality risk, dispersal can also impose this cost when an animal gives up time or chances to breed, forage, or defend territory elsewhere.
What is an opportunity cost?
One major disadvantage of corridors is that they can also facilitate this unwanted process (hint: ants in lecture).
What is the spread of risks or harmful organisms between patches?
Another name for habitat imprinting is this four-word phrase.
What is natal habitat preference induction?
In metapopulations, persistence depends on a balance between local extinction and this movement-driven process.
What is recolonization?
This open-population model discussed in class allows for the estimation of apparent survival.
What is a Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model?