Causes/Risk Factors
What race is at most risk for Wilms tumor?
African American
True or False?
Nephroblastoma can occur in adults
True!
What is usually the first method of treatment?
Surgery
What are common assessment findings a nurse may notice in a client with a Wilm's Tumor?
Firm, non-tender abdominal mass, usually noticed while bathing or dressing a child. also notice abdominal pain, gross hematuria, low-grade fever, and hypertension.
What is the average survival rate of the Wilm's tumor?
80%
Does genetics play a role in the development of Wilms tumor?
YES!
What percentage of childhood kidney tumors is made up of Wilms Tumor
90%
If surgery does not get rid of the cancer entirely, what is the next line of treatment?
Chemotherapy
What are the possible treatments a nurse may notice for a nephroblastoma?
1. Surgery
2. Chemotherapy
3. Radiation
What does determining survivability in a Wilm's tumor depend on?
The stage and histology of the tumor.
What two conditions present at birth can increase the risk for acquiring Wilms tumor?
Aniridia and hemihypertrophy
500 new cases per year
What type of treatment uses high-powered energy beams to kill cancer cells?
Radiation
What is the main nursing concern for a child with a nephroblastoma?
Decreased immunity
What stage and histology have the lowest chance of survival?
What does WAGR syndrome stand for?
Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary problems, and intellectual disabilities
Who is most likely to be diagnosed with Nephroblastoma?
A 5th-grade African-American male with plays football
A 2nd-grade student recently diagnosed with diabetes
A 3-year-old female with a family history of Wilms tumor
A 3-year-old female with a family history of Wilms tumor
What will the child need if both kidneys have to be surgically removed?
Kidney dialysis or a kidney transplant
A mother calls the clinic concerned after noticing a mass on her child's abdomen. What is important information to give the mother before her appointment to have the child's mass assessed?
Do not palpate the mass!
If the mass is a nephroblastoma, palpation can cause rupture and spread of cancer.
How many years is common for survivability to be measured?
4
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
What type of surgical procedure is done to remove the cancer if the child has only one working kidney?
Partial nephrectomy
What labs are important for the nurse to monitor in a child diagnosed with Wilm's tumor?
WBC, platelet count, hematocrit (CBC), as well as kidney function labs and electrolytes (BMP)
Drink plenty of water, avoid NSAIDS, and have regular blood pressure checks