Characterization
The microscopy technique uses electrons to form an image.
SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)
The fundamental atomic particle responsible for electrical conduction in metals.
What is the electron?
The repeating unit in a polymer chain.
What is a monomer?
This type of diagram shows which phases are stable at different temperatures and compositions.
What is phase diagram?
The slope of the elastic region on a stress-strain curve.
What is Young's/Elastic Modulus?
The X-ray diffraction pattern reveals this property of crystalline materials.
What is the crystal structure (or lattice spacing)?
This type of bond occurs when electrons are shared between atoms.
What is covalent bonding?
This type of polymer forms rigid networks and cannot be melted.
What is a thermoset?
The point at which a liquid and a solid coexist at a fixed composition.
What is eutectic point?
The amount of energy a material can absorb before fracturing.
What is toughness?
This type of microscopy uses atomic-scale probe tips to scan surfaces.
What is atomic force microscopy (AFM)?
This defect occurs when an atom of a different element replaces a host atom in the lattice.
What is a substitutional impurity?
The property that describes how a polymer flows under stress.
What is viscosity?
This function combines internal energy, pressure, and volume: H=U+PV
What is enthalpy?
A material that fractures suddenly with little plastic deformation is called this.
What is brittle?
In SEM imaging, high-resolution surface contrast is achieved by detecting these emitted particles.
What are secondary electrons?
This strengthening mechanism occurs when dislocations are blocked by solute atoms.
What is solid solution strengthening?
This measure represents the average molecular weight of polymer chains by number.
What is the number-average molecular weight (Mn)?
When a process occurs without heat exchange with the surroundings, it is called this.
What is adiabatic?
The time-dependent deformation that occurs under constant load and temperature.
What is creep?
This test measures a polymer's response to oscillating shear deformation.
What is dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)?
What is the empirical relationship connecting the diffusion coefficient to temperature?
What is the Arrhenius equation?
This property describes how molecular weight distribution broadens. It is equal to the ratio Mw/Mn.
What is the polydispersity index (PDI)?
The driving force for diffusion or chemical reaction comes from a gradient in this intensive property.
What is chemical potential?
The microscopic deformation mechanism where one part of a crystal forms a mirror image of another across a plane.
What is twinning?