Energy Transfer
Surface Currents
Deep Currents
Currents and Climate
Wind Currents
100
How does conduction transfer energy?
through touch
100
What is a surface current?
Water moving near the top of the ocean.
100
What is a deep current?
The movement of ocean water far below the surface.
100
What is a current?
Wind or water that continuously moves.
100
How is wind created?
The uneven heating from the Sun.
200
How does convection currents move?
200
What are surface currents caused by?
Wind
200
What causes deep currents?
Ocean water becoming cold and sinking
200
Why is the equator hotter than the poles?
The equator receives more direct sunlight than the poles.
200
Where is most of the Sun's energy focused?
the equator
300
How does the Sun transfer energy to the Earth?
Radiation
300
What happens when surface currents meet continents (i.e. land)?
They change direction/deflect
300
What two (2) factors cause an increase in water density?
An decrease in temperature and an increase in salinity (salt).
300
How does wind and water move? (hint: it is a type of energy transfer)
Convection
300
Explain what causes the wind currents to curve.
Coriolis Effect- Earth rotation
400
Give me an example of thermal expansion
Summer it expands, winter it shrinks
400
How does the Coriolis Effect change the direction of surface currents?
Curves it from the rotation of the Earth
400
Do deep currents have a higher or lower salinity(salt)?
Higher Salinity
400
What are 4 factors that effect ocean currents?
The rotation of the earth, the position of the continents, wind, and water density.
400
What are the belts around Earth caused by?
Convection currents
500
As an object heats up what happens to the particles?
They expand (and move faster)
500
Explain the energy chain that causes surface currents. (Hint: it involves 3 steps)
Solar energy-> Creates wind -> creates surface currents
500
How does temperature affect the direction of how deep currents flow? (Hint: The answer includes information about the poles and the Equator)
Colder, denser water moves from the poles towards the Equator while warmer, less dense water moves from the Equator towards the poles.
500
Explain why winds do not go straight north and south.
The rotation of the Earth,, called the Coriolis Effect
500
Describe what causes convection currents.
Hot air rising (becomes less dense) and cold air sinking (becomes more dense)