Document Analysis
What does is the author's argument:
"And the science of man is the only solid foundation for the other sciences, so the only solid foundation we can give to this science itself must be laid on experience and observation."
Study of science must be based on what can be seen and tested.
David Hume "A Treatise of Human Nature"
What are three characteristics of Rococo art?
Pastel colors, feminine, romance, carefree, secular, sentimental, outdoor settings
What is humanism?
The idea that humans are worthy subjects of study and rational beings.
What is absolutist monarchy?
a system in which the monarch has complete control over the country and its people.
What is capitalism?
An economic system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.
What is the author's message to the audience?
"Therefore, I once again implore all Christians, especially pastors and preachers, not to try and be doctors prematurely and to imagine that they know everything...Let all Christians exercise themselves in the Catechism..."
All Christians should take control of their own religion and religious practices. No one is above anyone else in the practice of faith.
Martin Luther "The Large Catechism"
Identify the artistic style of this work of art
Renaissance
"The Wedding at Cana"
Why did modern racism develop during the Age of Exploration?
Europeans saw themselves as better than native Americans. The Atlantic Slave trade led to racism because Europeans also saw themselves as better than Africans.
Why did the Holy Roman Empire have limited control over the Italian city states during the Renaissance?
Italian city states had their own autonomous governments, were very wealthy, and were able to raise armies to defend themselves
How does supply and demand regulate an economy?
If there is high demand and low supply, price will go up. If there is low demand and high supply, price will go down. Sellers will only supply what there is a demand for.
What idea about human nature does this author support? How do you know?
"...we must not forget that true distinction is to be gained by wide and varied range of such studies as conduce to the profitable enjoyment of life, in which, however, we must observe due portion in the attention and time we devote to them..."
Humanism. The author is explaining that we should study many topics that will help us enjoy our lives, not only study religion. This supports the idea that humans are rational and worthy of study.
Identify the artistic style of this work of art, and two characteristics of this artistic style.
Baroque: display of wealth, drama, dark colors, over the top display
"Portrait of a Scottish Prince"
How did wealthy people during the Renaissance display their wealth?
By commissioning works of art, having themselves painted in expensive clothing and / or in religious scenes
What is a social contract?
an agreement among the people to give up some freedom in order to be under the protection of a government
To avoid paying taxes on goods, get there faster, and supply a demand for goods from Asia (three reasons)?
To avoid paying taxes on goods, get there faster, and supply a demand for goods from Asia
Identify the situation in which the person is writing. Explain how you know this.
"...That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king...that the election of members of parliament ought to be free...that the freedom of speech and debates....ought not to be...questioned..."
The English Revolution, because the author is explain the rights that have been violated by the King and the rights that parliament should have.
Identify the artistic style, two characteristics of this style and how it relates to the cultural situation of the time
Rococo; pastel colors, women, feminine, outside setting, romance; women were involved in salons and society
"The Declaration of Love"
How did the Scientific Revolution impact European society?
People were more open to new ideas and people were less willing to trust religious answers to how the world works
Why did the political situation in Germany allow Reformation ideas to spread?
The are was broken down into principalities, there was no strong central power to stop ideas from spreading
Why was the discovery of the Americas beneficial for Europe's economy? (at least four answers)
Gold and silver enriched Spain; Slave labor meant more goods were produced at lower costs; cheap raw materials from the Americas, like cotton, led to growth of industry in Europe; more goods could be produced in Europe at lower costs; countries completely controlled trade in and out of their colonies
What is the author's argument?
"...nations have been punished for the offenses of their king...this does not happen because they forbear to restrain their kings, but because they seem to give, at least tacit consent to their vices..."
That author explains that citizens who support their king, even in passive way, should be punished for his mistakes.
Identify the artistic style, two characteristics of this style, and connect the style to the political and cultural situation of the time
Reformation; dark colors, heavy contrast, religion, every day setting; related to the personal connection Protestants felt with the Bible and religion, related to the split in politics of Europe over the split in religion.
"Head of Christ"
Why did the Reformation begin? (at least three reasons)
Corruption in the Church, the sales of indulgences, and the lack of control over Northern Europe
What were the political consequences of the Reformation? (four answers)
Many years of religious wars, people with different religions expelled from countries or killed, weakening of the Pope's control over Europe, increase in the control of Protestant political leaders.
What two economic principles did Adam Smith establish in Book IV, chapter 1 of "The Wealth of Nations"?
Wealth and money = gold and silver NOT land or other goods / commodities and Gold and silver can be brought into a country through trade. Don’t try to control the flow of money in and out, this will naturally regulate itself.
A country must maintain a favorable balance of trade, meaning exports more than it imports, in order to enrich the country. Don’t import what you can make at home, don’t export what you need at home, create colonies and favorable treaties with other countries to establish a favorable balance of trade.