It is when a person's body temperature becomes dangerously low and their body begins to shut down mentally and physically.
100
Define frostbite
It is when damaged is caused to skin and tissues due to extreme cold.
100
What was the name of the snow shelter we built?
Quinzhee!
100
In order to prevent heat loss, what types of clothing should someone wear?
Layers! Avoid cotton, wool is better for keeping dry. Good boots, mitts, a scarf, and a toque should be worn as well.
100
If you come across someone who has severe hypothermia, how many minutes should you allow to detect a pulse?
Two minutes
200
What is a symptom of mild hypothermia?
-excessive shivering
-slurred speech
-fatigue
200
Which body parts are most susceptible to frostbite?
The nose, cheeks, ears, fingers, and toes (your extremities) are most commonly affected.
200
What would be the purpose of building a snow shelter?
In emergency situations it would allow someone to keep warm and dry while resting. Some backpackers also use these for overnight trips.
200
Which two parts of the body lose heat the quickest?
Head and neck
200
What is the most effective treatment for Hypothermia?
Skin to skin contact
300
List two symptoms of moderate hypothermia.
-pupils dilate
-confusion
-pale and bluish skin
-violent shivering
300
What happens to the blood vessels when exposed to the cold for a long period of time?
The body sends signals to the blood vessels in the arms and legs telling them to constrict (narrow). By slowing blood flow to the skin, your body is able to send more blood to the vital organs to keep them functioning.
300
Describe the basic steps a person would take to build a quinzhee.
1- Build a mound of snow, packing it down as you add more snow.
2- Let the snow set for about an hour.
3- Hollow out an entrance and then the sleeping area.
300
In this type of heat loss, exposed areas of flesh lose heat to the outside air.
What is Radiation
300
What does the H.E.L.P. acronym stand for?
Heat Escape Lessening Posture
400
Name two symptoms of severe hypothermia.
-comatose
-no shivering
-skin discolouration
400
What are the different types or stages of frostbite?
1st degree, 2nd degree, and 3rd degree (severe)
400
What are some safety precautions you can take when building a snow shelter?
Wear warm layers of clothing and remove a layer if you begin to sweat (to avoid hypothermia). Have someone ready to help in case the shelter collapses while you are hollowing it out.
400
In this type of heat loss, heat is lost to the ground from the soles of your boots.
What is Conduction
400
How should frostbite be treated?
The frostbite victim should be moved into a warmer area, and the affected area should be kept elevated. The affected area should be placed in lukewarm water and then wrapped in bandage. They must be taken to the hospital!
500
What is a normal core body temperature for a human being?
37 degrees Celsius
500
What symptoms would someone with 3rd degree frostbite have?
Skin turns black as cells in the tissues die.
500
How can you avoid making holes in the wall of your shelter when hollowing it out?
Insert sticks or ski poles through the ceiling of the shelter so that you know how high to make your ceiling.
500
Heat lost by sweating is known as...
What is Evaporation
500
What can be done to treat someone with Hypothermia?
Wet clothes must be removed and they must be re-warmed, either through skin to skin contact or in a sleeping bag. They can be given warm, sweet drinks. You must try to keep the casualty awake.