Catholic or Protestant?
Women in this sect could join a convent if they didn't want to marry, other women on the other side were taught the importance of the "married state"
Catholicism
In rural German communities, local patriarchs were able to gain power by using these Lutheran ideals to their advantage
Lutheran marriage practices
Once a job title for independent women in the medieval textile industry, the name changed to describe an older, unmarried woman
spinster
In the 16th and 17th centuries, between 40,000 and 60,000 people were executed under this charge
Witchcraft
While others believed in the sacraments of Confession and Marriage, this sect believed there were only two sacraments: Baptism and Communion
Protestants
In Roper's first mentioned "change", she detailed how Protestants allowed priests to do this, a major shift from previous Catholic ruling
Married priests
The bloodiest European conflict until World War I, this war lasted from 1618 to 1648
The 30 Years War
Weisner argues that these opportunities for women declined during the Reformation, making it so that the "economic change undermined female independence."
Job opportunities
This sect emphasized the importance of Mary as the Mother of God, while the other focused on Jesus as the "sole mediator" between God and humanity
Catholicism
Often guildsmen, this term defined the man who was the patriarch of the family, responsible for the spiritual and moral upbringing of the family
Hausvater
A former nun, this woman was the wife of Martin Luther, ran a brewery, and ran all of her husband's finances for him
Katerina von Bora
Weisner acclaims the dimisnishment of women preachings and publications due to this saint, who was a major inspiration for Luther, and his beliefs that women should stay silent in church
St. Paul
Though there were many things that divided Catholics and Protestants, they were united in their disdain for this sect
Anabaptists
Subjected onto women like Anna Bernhauser, this Catholic practice "posed the question of the nature of the relation between body and spirit in perculiarly stark form'
Exorcism
Cofounder of the Quaker movement, this woman emphasized the freedom of consciousness for all humans
Margaret Fell Fox
According to Weisner, witch hunts in Europe would rise after these events
bad harvests/climatic disasters