Phonological Awareness/Phonemic Awareness
1. Rhyming & Songs
2. Onset-Rime
3. Oral Blending & Segmentation
4. Counting Phonemes
5. Comparing Word lengths
6. Sound manipulation: adding & deleting
What is instructional strategies for phonological and phonemic awareness?
To identify the letters in the alphabet
What is letter recognition?
phoneme + grapheme =
What is phonics?
Sight words instruction
What is...
1. Introduce words that frequently come up in texts that students should be able to read
2. Introduce words in isolation
3. Practice ID & reading words within the context of reading simple texts.
4. Multiple exposure to memorize the word.
decoding multisyllabi words formed by affixes added to a base word.
what is structural analysis?
The subset where students are able to break apart sounds like segment & blend
What is phonemic awareness?
What is the alphabetic principle?
Types of consonant sounds
What is hard and soft sounds (g & c), and continuous and abrupt sounds?
The order of CVC
1. Consonants: beginning, then final
2. Vowels: able to form usable words
3. Consonant clusters
Types of syllables
1. Phonemic Awareness Survey
2. Yopp-Singer
3. Observation Notes
4. Rhyming
What is assessments for phonological/phonemic awareness?
Oral language can be written, then read
What is Print Awareness or Concepts About Print?
Common, regular letter combos
What are consonant digraphs, blends, vowel digraphs, dipthongs, and r-controlled vowels?
Strategies of High Frequency Words
What is multiple exposures, hands-on activities, ID words in grade level texts, making words, flashcard activities (ie. concentration, goFish, SW Bingo), and writing simple sentences?
Complex chunk of letters:
-tch
-dge
-igh
-eigh
What are phonograms?
1. Focus on key concepts
2. Reteach what's not mastered during differentiated instruction
3. provide hands-on activities like elkonin boxes
What is the universal access for struggling students?
Strategies for CAP
What is language experience approach, environmental print, print-rich environment, and book handling skills such as using a Big Book?
Common word patterns
What are CVC, CVCC, CVVC, and CVCe?
What is transfer concepts in primary language to the English language, explicitly pre-teach sounds that aren't in primary language, explicitly teach the meaning of sight words, or provide differentiated instruction?
Common Orthographic rules
What are ...
1. change /y/ to /i/
2. drop the silent /e/
3. double final consonant
4. plural: -s, -es
The role of phonological awareness
What is to manipulate, identify, and isolate sounds?
Assessments for alphabetic principle
What are Identifying individual sounds, consonant/vowel sounds, nonsense words, and manipulation of initial, medial, and final sounds?
1) Blending VC & CVC words
2) teaching one-syllable words
3) teaching irregular sight words
4) reading decodable texts to practice phonics and sight word instruction in context
5) transfer phonics to spelling
What is instruction at beginning reading stage?
Assessment for Phonics and Sight Words
What is sound/spelling assessment, sight word assessent, dictation of words with spelling patterns, oral fluency assessment, observation notes, writing samples, or Dolch List?
types of spelling generalizations
what is precommunicative, semi-phonetic, phonetic, transitional, and conventional?