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Section 3
Vocabulary
Types of Machines
100
Define work.
Work is the energy transferred when a force makes an object move.
100
What is a machine?
A machine is a device that makes work easier.
100
What is the difference between first-class and second-class levers?
For a first-class lever, the fulcrum is located between the input and output forces. For a second-class lever, the output force is located between the input force and the fulcrum.
100
Define mechanical advantage.
The ratio of the output force to the input force.
100
A wheel with a grooved rim around which a cord passes. It acts to change the direction of a force applied to the cord and is chiefly used (typically in combination) to raise heavy weights is what type of machine?
Pulley.
200
How are work and energy related?
When work is done, a transfer of energy always occurs.
200
What is the equation for mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage= output force/ input force ma=Fout/Fin
200
What is the Ideal Mechanical Advantage?
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system.
200
Define simple machine.
A machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.
200
A rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to help move a heavy or firmly fixed load with one end when pressure is applied to the other is what type of machine?
A lever.
300
What is the work equation?
Work= applied force* distance. W=fd
300
What is the efficiency equation?
Efficiency= output work/ input work efficiency=Wout/ Win
300
What's the Block and Tackle?
A system of pulleys consisting of fixed and movable pulleys.
300
What is a compound machine?
Two or more simple machines that operate together.
300
A simple lifting machine consisting of a rope that unwinds from a wheel onto a cylindrical drum or shaft joined to the wheel to provide mechanical advantage is what type of machine?
Wheel and axle.
400
What is the equation of power and energy?
Power= Energy transferred/ time. p=e/t
400
What's the difference between input force and output force?
Input force is the force applied to a machine and the output force is the force applied by the machine.
400
What's a fixed pulley?
A fixed pulley is attached to something that doesn't move, such as a ceiling or wall.
400
Define power.
The amount of work done in one second. It is a rate at which work is done.
400
A plane inclined at an angle to the horizontal.
An incline plane.
500
Work is done on an object only when a force is being applie to the object.
When is work done?
500
How do you increase the efficiency?
By reducing friction.
500
A gear is a wheel and axle with the wheel having teeth around its rim.
What is a gear?
500
What is the output force?
The force applied by the machine.
500
A short, slender, sharp-pointed metal pin with a raised helical thread running around it and a slotted head, used to join things together by being rotated so that it pierces wood or other material and is held tightly in place is what type of machine?
A screw.