Short Term Memory
a memory unit that that consists of several components related to each other.
What is a chunk?
When you read a sentence in your head and "hear" the words without speaking them out loud, this is a process that helps you retain information.
What is subvocalization?
When you close you eyes to reach for an object in front of you, this system is likely keeping a brief visual record of its location.
What is visuospatial sketchpad?
a model designed to hold and combine information from different sources.
What is the episodic buffer?
this component of working memory brings together input from the phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, and long-term memory.
What is the central executive?
to methods methods used between the late 1950's and the 1970's, to assess how much information short-term memory could hold
what is the Brown/Peterson & Peterson technique and the serial-position effect?
This effect attributes to confusion where our memory sometimes mixes up similar sounding letters during rehearsal.
What is acoustic confusion?
To prevent participants from naming visual stimuli, researchers have them continuously repeat this irrelevant syllable.
What is "la-la-la"repetition?
this feature of the episodic buffer emphasizes that it holds information only briefly before it's either used or lost.
what is its temporary nature?
by suppressing distracting or irrelevant information, this function helps people maintain focus on their primary goal.
What is the suppression of irrelevant information?
the U-shaped pattern of. recall accuracy for words on a list.
What is the serial-position effect?
key component of the working-memory model processes sounds, from what you hear to the inner voice you use when readings.
this quality of the episodic buffer means it can only manage a limited amount of information at one time.
What is limited capacity?
this part of the brain is the most active during tasks that require planning, decision making, and coordinating behavior.
What is the frontal region of the cortex?
According to George Miller, this "magical" number represents the typical capacity of short-term memory, plus or minus two.
the left region of the brain known for storing auditory information.
What is the left parietal lobe?
this characteristic limits how many visual items our mental image can hold accurately.
What is limited capacity?
this function of the episodic buffer solves how to form one coherent memory from different types different types of information by merging auditory, visual and spatial data with past experiences.
What is multimodal integration?
the limitation of our cognitive "boss" means that when overloaded, its performance drops and our behavior becomes less controlled.
What is the limited capacity of the central executive?
Participants experienced this kind of interference when prior learning made it harder to recall new similar words unless the category of words changed.
What is proactive interference?
the process of mentally converting letters into the sounds of their names to aid in remembering them.
What is phonological coding?
this region of the brain is located at the back of your head and essential for visual perception.
What is the occipital region?
by organizing words into familiar phrases or units, this process helps you recall information more accurately, than a random list.
What is chunking?
this network shares many functions with the central executive, organizing multiple processes and guiding top-down attention.
What is the executive attention network?