Malleable metal found in combined forms almost everywhere in the world. It became the most important and widely used metal in world history after the Bronze Age.
What is iron?
100
Originally the warrior caste in Vedic society.
What are Kshatriyas?
100
Afro-Eurasian empire that dominated around 950 BCE
What is Neo-Assyrian Empire?
100
Capital of the Persian Empire.
What is Persepolis?
200
The social system the Aryans brought to India.
What is the caste system?
200
Dominant set of ideas of a widespread culture or movement.
What is an ideology?
200
Households or lesser clan members in Vedic society who worked the land and tended livestock.
What are Vaishyas?
200
Trade route linking China with Central Asia and the Mediterranean.
What is the Silk Road?
200
Group under Assyrian rule who provided ships and sailors for battles in the Mediterranean.
Who are the Phoenicians?
300
A social group comprising many households claiming descent from a common ancestor.
What is a clan?
300
Charismatic freelance religious men of power who found themselves in opposition to the formal power of the kings, bureaucrats, and priests.
What are prophets?
300
Workers, servants, and laborers from outside the Vedic lineage.
What are Shudras?
300
Founder of the Persian Empire.
Who is Cyrus the Great?
300
A dialect of a Semitic language spoken in Southwest Asia. Used in the Persian Empire.
What is Aramaic?
400
A group of states or ethnic groups under a single sovereign power.
What is an empire?
400
System of political legitimacy established by the Zhou dynasty
What is the mandate of heaven?
400
Vedic priests who performed rituals and communicated with the gods.
What are Brahmans?
400
Leader who put the emerging unified Persian Empire onto solid footing after Cyrus's death.
Who is Darius I?
400
Rivals of the Assyrians and the Persians. Known as expert horsemen and archers who were eventually defeated by the Persians.
What is Medes?
500
Assyrian king who centralized political authority in the hands of the monarchy.
Who is Tiglat-Pileser III?
500
Rhymes, hymns, and explanatory texts composed by Aryan priests.
What are Vedas?
500
Another name for caste system established by the Vedas.
What is the varna?
500
Governor of a province in the Persian Empire.
What is satrap?
500
Southern kingdom of David, which had been an Assyrian vassal.