Chex Mix
Egyptian writing
hieroglyphics
Hammurabi's contribution to world history
his law code an "eye for an eye"
grain that helped Japan support larger populations
rice
Unique characteristic of Buddhism
it is a religion without a god
Silk Roads
Kingdom in East Africa that traded with the Arabian peninsula
Aksum
Why early civilizations were located near river valleys
food production, travel facilitation
Nation that had the greatest influence in Asia
China
Ancient Indian civilization known for extensive cities, indoor plumbing, block city systems, and agricultural economy
Harappan
Connections builty to connect the major cities in Classical China
11,000 miles of canals
Persia's Achaemenid Dynasty’s “light‑handed” approach to governing its vast empire
Allowing conquered regions to maintain their own kings and customs in exchange for loyalty and taxes
Reasons for Egyptian stability
the Nile River, predictable flooding, natural barriers
feudal warlords in Japan
daimyo
Indian leader who based his laws on religious belief system and promulgated them throughout his kingdom
As'oka
The construction of the Grand Canal under the Sui Dynasty
Linked northern and southern China, strengthening political unification and economic integration
the earliest iron-working societies in Africa
the Nok in ancient Nigeria
Creators of the cuneiform writing system
the Phoenicians
Earliest kingdoms in Korea
Koguryo, Silla, Paecheke
Buddhism spread via
Missionaries traveling along trade routes who brought texts, art, and adaptable teachings
Philosophies that emerged in Classical China
Confucianism
focuses on ethics, social order, and good
government.
• Key ideas:
• Self-cultivation, education, empathy, the Golden Rule.
• Importance of ritual and proper behavior.
• Five Key Relationships (father–son, ruler–subject,
husband–wife, older–younger brother, friend–friend).
• Filial piety and ancestor respect.
Daoism
• Focuses on harmony with nature and the universe.The Dao is an impersonal cosmic force; beyond full human
understanding.
Core concepts: wu wei (non-forceful action), yin-yang balance,
change as constant.
The origin of the Sunni–Shia split in early Islamic history
A conflict over who was the rightful leader after Muhammad's death, intensified by the civil war following Caliph Uthman's assassination
Persian ruler who brought the empire to the greatest extent from the Mediterranean, Egypt and the fringes of the Indian border
Darius I
What connected Japan to the mainland?
trade and religious exchange
Characteristic of Harappa and Mohenjo‑Daro most clearly demonstrates the technological sophistication of the Indus Valley civilization
Their advanced drainage and sewer systems surpassing many 18th‑century European cities
Belief that rulers governed with the approval of
heaven when they ruled wisely, morally, and
effectively.
Dynasties lost the Mandate of Heaven when they
became weak, corrupt, unjust, or failed to
prevent disasters or invasions.
This belief supported the dynastic cycle—the
rise and fall of ruling families.