European Exploration & Expansion
This navigation tool, used by sailors during the Age of Exploration, allowed mariners to determine their latitude by measuring the angle of the Sun or stars above the horizon.
The astrolabe
What religion do Christians and Muslims also trace back to Abraham?
Judaism
What powered the first factories and machines during the Industrial Revolution?
Steam engines
What system organized medieval European society into kings, nobles, knights, and peasants?
Feudalism
What is another name for the Black Death that killed millions in Europe?
Bubonic Plague
Which Portuguese prince sponsored voyages along the west coast of Africa?
Prince Henry the Navigator
Which religion, founded in India, believes in karma, dharma, and reincarnation?
Hinduism
Who made the steam engine better so machines could work faster?
James Watt
Which powerful religious institution dominated Europe and influenced kings and commoners?
The Catholic Church
What type of flea carried the plague from rats to humans?
Rat flea
Which two countries were the first to explore new lands in the 1400s?
Spain and Portugal
In Christianity, what event marks when Jesus rose from the dead?
The Resurrection
Where did people go to work instead of making things at home?
Factories
Who worked on the lord’s land in return for food and protection?
Peasants
About what fraction of Europe’s population died during the Black Plague?
1/3
What was the main goal of European explorers when they searched for new trade routes?
To find wealth, spices, and new trading opportunities
Islam, Judaism, and Christianity are all classified as what type of religions?
Abrahamic religions
What term describes the movement of people from rural areas to cities during industrialization?
Urbanization
What series of religious wars were fought over control of the Holy Land?
The Crusades
What social and economic effect of the Black Plague increased wages and mobility for surviving peasants?
Labor shortage
Which Spanish conquistador led a small force to conquer the Aztec Empire in Mexico?
Hernán Cortés
In Hinduism, what is the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth that continues until a soul reaches moksha?
Reincarnation
Which economic theory, associated with Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, criticized capitalism and advocated for a classless society?
Socialism/Communism
What document, signed in 1215, limited the power of the English king and laid the foundation for constitutional government?
Magna Carta
Which institution’s influence was weakened because many people questioned why God allowed so much suffering during the plague?
The Catholic Church