Mesopotamia
This individual represents Gilgamesh's truest frenemy.
Who is Enkidu?
The co-equal status of the three persons of the Trinity and the eternal divinity of Jesus were affirmed by a group of Christian leaders that met at this location in the early 4th century CE.
What is Nicaea?
This ancient Israelite practice, mediated by priests and conducted at the temple, served as a core feature of Judaism, for it was the means of atonement, repairing the relationship between God and humans.
What is sacrifice?
The first pillar of Islam consists in this sequence of eleven words.
What is "There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger?"
Within the Indian caste system, this represents Arjuna's social class.
What is Kshatriya?
Shaped like a half-moon and brimming with agricultural promise, the ancients traveled this pathway to get from one side of the "world" to another.
What is the Fertile Crescent?
This individual, who walked around 10,000 miles around the Mediterranean world in service of a sacred mission, is perhaps as important as any other figure in early Christianity.
Who is the apostle Paul?
This expression, which relates to a form of justice enacted by law codes throughout the ancient Near East, including those of Hammurapi and the Torah, derives from the Latin expression lex talionis or "the law of retribution."
What is "eye for an eye?"
Rooted in a story that involved Muhammad passing along the mantle of authority to his uncle, Abu Bakr, this sect of Islam adheres to the belief that leaders should be elected.
What is Sunnism?
Though Buddhists deny its existence, instead focusing on the cessation of suffering and the achievement of nirvana in this life, this concept, embedded in a unique form in each life, is necessary for the Hindu belief in samsara.
What is the soul?
The best attested historical event prior to the Hellenistic period derives from 701 BCE and a clash of language, theology, and politics that involved these two kings.
(Both names required for credit.)
Who are Hezekiah and Sennacherib?
In addition to his baptism, the historicity of this event in the life of Jesus is the only other one that is accepted by nearly all scholars.
What is the the crucifixion?
The Hebrew Bible describes the establishment of a relationship between the Israelites' singular deity, YHWH, and the people themselves in relational terms, including this reference, which has its roots in the socio-political realm.
What is a covenant?
Among Twelver Shiʾites, and similar to the Christian belief in a second coming of Jesus Christ, the Earth will be restored by the re-appearance of this figure.
Who is the Hidden or 13th Imam? (or the Mahdi)
In the Bhagavad Gita, Arjuna faces a gut-wrenching decision when he stares down his cousins on the battlefield, though he finds guidance from Krishna, who reminds him this foundational Hindu concept, which ultimately helps him make his decision on the battlefield.
What is dharma?
As shown by the narrator's call to climb Uruk's wall and to survey its foundations at the end of The Epic of Gilgamesh, the wandering leader learns to appreciate his life as king, which, in the ancient Near East, involved these two primary responsibilities?
(Both required for credit.)
What are:
1. Caring for the gods, and
2. Defending the people
The New Testament, such as the letter to the Romans, frequently indicates the divinity of Jesus through the expression "Son of God," while, in an example of polemical literature, the Qurʾan instead refers to him as the son of this person.
What is "son of Mary?"
Life in ancient Israel fundamentally changed in this year due to catastrophic devastation brought on by the Babylonians.
(Three possible answers — any accepted for credit.)
What is 586 BCE?
(Also accepted: 597 and 587 BCE)
The Qurʾan includes material that derives from different points in Muhammad's ministry, and Muslim interpretive tradition holds that the value of scripture depends on the date of the revelation, with earlier suras updated or repealed by later suras in this process.
What is abrogation?
The Bhagavad Gita, especially in its later chapters, often refers to the sattvic idea of renunciation, which refers to a life marked by this type of action.
What is selfless?
Gilgamesh's combination of semi-divine and royal status and reflect the historical feat of this king, who is well known from a relief on a stele that portrays him striding over conquered bodies upon a mountaintop with horns on his head.
Who is Naram-Sin?
After a radical conversion experience, the Roman emperor Constantine changed Christian history in 313 CE with this proclamation.
What is the Edict of Milan?
In an event that later came to be known by Jewish author Daniel as the Abomination of Desolations, this Seleucid king desecrated the rebuilt temple of Jerusalem in 168 BCE.
Who is Antiochus IV Epiphanes?
Though Christians and Jews had been living in the Saudi peninsula for centuries before the rise of Islam, Muhammad claimed to restore and reform not Christianity or Judaism specifically but this mysterious monotheistic tradition that resembled them.
What is Hanifiyyah?
The veil was pulled from this individual's eyes at the Battle of Kalinga, ushering in a new era of compassion and tolerance.
Who is Ashoka?