Vocab
What is the meaning of "alms"?
Goods given to the poor or gifts of food.
Life is ____
Suffering
Which part of the Eightfold Path asks a person to be truthful and careful with words?
Right speech.
What was the Buddha’s name at birth?
Siddhartha Gautama.
Around what years did Siddhartha Gautama live?
Approximately 563 B.C.E. to 483 B.C.E.
A person who gives up worldly pleasures and practices self-denial to seek spiritual truth
Ascetic
What do the Four Noble Truths say is the cause of suffering?
Desire/Craving
Which part of the Eightfold Path asks a person to focus the mind through practices such as meditation?
Right concentration.
Name three forms of suffering Prince Siddhartha discovered outside the palace.
Aging, sickness, and death.
How did Siddhartha’s father try to protect him from suffering?
He kept Siddhartha inside the palace in luxury and tried to shelter him from any suffering.
What does "nirvana" mean in Buddhism?
An ideal state of true happiness and peace; freedom from the cycle of rebirth.
Suffering has an
End
Which part of the Eightfold Path tells a person to avoid jobs that harm others or living things?
Right way to earn a living./ Livelihood
Why did Siddhartha leave the palace and become an ascetic?
He wanted to find the cause of suffering and the path to end it after seeing suffering outside the palace.
Who tried to frighten and tempt Siddhartha while he meditated under the Bodhi tree?
Mara, a demon who also sent his three daughters to tempt him.
What is "enlightenment" as described in the chapter?
Finding deep truth and being free of suffering; spiritual awakening.
What do the Four Noble Truths say ends of suffering?
Following the Eightfold Path
Name two parts of the Eightfold Path that relate to how a person behaves toward others.
Right purpose, Right action, Right speech
What event under the Bodhi tree led Siddhartha to become the Buddha?
He meditated through the night under the Bodhi tree, resisted Mara’s temptations, saw past lives and the nature of karma, and reached enlightenment.
Name two ways Buddhism differed from ancient Hinduism as described in the chapter.
Buddhism was not based on many deities or complicated rituals; it embraced all people regardless of caste and focused on a way of life with simple teachings.
Explain the meaning of the word "Buddha."
"Awakened One" a title Siddhartha earned after reaching enlightenment.
There is suffering because everything in life is ________
Impermanent
Describe how “Right understanding” and “Right purpose” work together to reduce suffering.
Right understanding provides knowledge of the Four Noble Truths; Right purpose is acting with selflessness and nonviolence. Together they guide choices that reduce craving and harmful actions.
Describe Siddhartha’s “middle way” and why he rejected both extremes of life.
The "middle way" rejects extreme self-indulgence and extreme self-denial; Siddhartha found a balanced path between pleasure and pain that led to true understanding.
Explain how the Buddha used his discovery after enlightenment.What did he choose to do, and why is that important for Buddhism?
He chose to teach others the path to enlightenment rather than keep it to himself; this is important because his teachings (the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path) formed the basis of Buddhism and helped spread it.