The Fabric of Revolution
Leaders like George Washington and Mahatma Gandhi wore this type of hand-spun cloth to boycott British imports.
homespun
This Enlightenment concept argues that the people are "citizens" who should rule themselves, rather than "subjects."
popular sovereignty
A shared language, a shared culture, and a shared history are the three ingredients used to define this.
nation
The very first steam engines in the early 1700s were designed to perform this specific task in deep coal mines.
pumping water out of mines
While colonialism is the lived experience of being ruled, this term refers to the set of ideas and actions used to justify that control.
imperialism
This group of French revolutionaries wore long trousers to reject the fancy, knee-length breeches of the aristocracy.
sans-culottes
This global conflict left Britain and France in massive debt, forcing them to raise taxes and sparking colonial unrest.
Seven Years' War
Benedict Anderson used this two-word phrase to describe how people feel a bond with millions of strangers they will never meet.
imagined community
Cloth production moved into these large buildings because steam engines were too big and expensive for private homes.
factories
European powers met here in 1884 to set the "rules" for claiming and dividing the African continent among themselves.
Berlin Conference
These activists wore white for purity and adopted practical clothing like trousers to represent their fight for the vote.
Suffragettes
In pre-revolutionary Haiti, this group made up a staggering 90% of the population.
enslaved Africans
This foreign conqueror’s presence unintentionally unified European people to resist him under their own national identities.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This geographical problem in British mines actually forced the invention of the steam pump, giving Britain a head start.
wet coal/flooded coal mines
This form of indirect control uses trade, debt, or substances like opium to influence another country’s laws.
economic imperialism
The demand for this cheap raw material to feed British textile mills led to a massive increase in slavery and colonial exploitation.
cotton
The Haitian Constitution of 1806 was radical because it redefined this term to include the right to one’s own labor.
property
This term refers to the right of a nation to govern itself and decide its own future without outside pressure.
self-determination
Profits from the transatlantic slave trade and raw materials from colonies provided British industrialization with this word that begins with the letter "C".
capital
These two technological advancements (one for medicine, one for warfare) allowed Europeans to conquer deep into Africa.
quinine and machine guns
The high price and scarcity of this specific food item sparked the 1789 Women’s March on the Palace of Versailles.
bread
Haiti was forced to pay 150 million francs to this country for "lost property," a debt it didn't finish paying until 1947.
France
This is the "dark side" of nationalism, where groups are seen as not "belonging"
exclusion/persecution
The Industrial Revolution caused this major shift, where populations moved from rural farms to crowded cities.
urbanization
This Ethiopian king successfully modernized his military and defended his nation’s sovereignty against Italian forces.
Menelik II