Renaissance
What years make up the Renaissance
1400-1600
What led to the start of the Reformation?
The selling of indulgences
Why did Europeans want to find a new water route to Asia?
Spice Trade
What impact did absolutism have on society?
Monarchs became stronger and wealthier while the church became weaker and poor
Geocentric Theory
Earth is the center of the universe and everything revolves around it (Ptolemy=creator)
The Renaissance was influenced by what two ancient civilizations?
Roman and Greek
What did Martin Luther do that launched the Reformation?
Nailed the 95 Theses (95 reasons why the catholic church is corrupt) to the outside of the church
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas
1494, the Pope split South America at the 60th line of longitude between Spain(west) and Portugal(east).
Divine Right Theory
The belief that one was chosen by god to rule
Heliocentric Theory
Sun is the center of the universe and everything revolves around it. (Copernicus=creator Kepler & Galileo supported)
What aspects of Italy allowed the Renaissance to flourish there?
Trade center
Mediterranean Sea
Plentiful City-states
Was a wealthy country
What was the effect of Henry VIII's conflict with the church
He wanted to divorce his wife because she was not producing a male heir for the thrown. Since it was against the catholic teachings, Henry created the Anglican religion, or the church of England.
How did religion affect colonization during the age of exploration?
Christianity was spread and many wanted to convert
What led to the rise of absolute monarchs?
The church's loss of power and the wealth gained from exploration
The Enlightenment promoted what ideology?
Reasoning, logic, and secular
How did the printing press affect society?
It allowed ideas to spread faster and made books cheaper
What were the major outcomes of the Catholic Reformation?
No more selling indulgences
What was the effect of the Colombian Exchange?
People, food, animals, and disease were traded between Great Britain and the United States
English Civil War
Roundheads vs Cavaliers; a battle for how the government should be set up
Meeting of the Philosophes
How did society become more secular during the Renaissance?
Instead of preparing for the afterlife, people began to live in the moment & enjoy the present.
What was the major impact of the Reformation?
Protestantism spread and new religions were made
What was the drive for exploration?
Glory god and gold
Restoration
After a long period of having no monarch, one was restored to the thrown through Charles II
Name one of the philosophes and what their beliefs are
Voltaire: Freedom of religion & speech
Locke: Everyone was entitled to life, liberty, and property
Rousseau: Believed in democracy and freedom for all
Montesquieu: In order to prevent the abuse of power, there should be three branches of government (executive, judicial, and legislative)
Beccaria: No cruel and unusual punishment
Wollstonecraft: Education and opportunities should be available to women