Middle Ages
What was the primary role of the feudal system in medieval Europe?
A. To promote trade between kingdoms
B. To increase the power of merchants
C. To organize society through land ownership and service
D. To encourage religious tolerance
What motivated European explorers to set out on voyages of discovery?
A. Fear of invasion
B. Search for gold, glory, and God
C. Desire to end slavery
D. Interest in philosophy
What was a key invention of the Industrial Revolution?
A. Steam engine
B. Compass
C. Printing press
D. Caravel
What was one of the main causes of World War I?
A. Isolationism
B. Alliance systems and nationalism
C. Cold War tensions
D. The fall of the Berlin Wall
What was one major cause of World War II?
A. The Cold War
B. The rise of fascism and unresolved issues from WWI
C. The discovery of the New World
D. The end of colonialism
How did the Black Death affect European society and the economy?
A. It led to a population increase
B. It strengthened the feudal system
C. It caused widespread death and labor shortages
D. It led to the rise of the Roman Empire
How did the Columbian Exchange impact Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
A. It stopped the spread of diseases
B. It restricted the slave trade
C. It created cultural isolation
D. It led to the exchange of crops, animals, and diseases
How did the Industrial Revolution affect cities?
A. Decreased population
B. Created fewer jobs
C. Increased urbanization and overcrowding
D. Led to the rise of feudalism
What was trench warfare?
A. A new form of naval combat
B. A quick and mobile fighting strategy
C. Fighting from dug-in positions on the Western Front
D. A tactic used in the air
How did Adolf Hitler rise to power in Germany?
A. Through royal inheritance
B. By overthrowing the League of Nations
C. Through propaganda, economic promises, and nationalism
D. By invading France
What was the significance of the Magna Carta in 1215?
A. It ended the Hundred Years’ War
B. It limited the power of the English king
C. It began the Crusades
D. It established the Catholic Church’s authority
What were the effects of European colonization on indigenous populations?
A. Economic development
B. Peace and prosperity
C. Widespread disease and population decline
D. Technological advances
What was a major social consequence of industrialization?
A. Increase in farming
B. Decrease in international trade
C. Poor working conditions and child labor
D. Rise of monarchies
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
A. A treaty that ended the Cold War
B. A treaty that divided Africa among Europeans
C. The peace agreement that ended WWI and punished Germany
D. A trade agreement with the U.S.
What was the Holocaust?
A. A battle between Germany and the Soviet Union
B. The atomic bombing of Japan
C. The mass genocide of Jews and other groups by the Nazis
D. A peace conference
How did the Catholic Church influence daily life in the Middle Ages?
A. It had little influence outside of monasteries
B. It controlled all trade routes
C. It was a central force in education and morality
D. It abolished monarchies
How did the caravel and compass help explorers?
A. They improved land farming
B. They made long-distance sea travel easier and more accurate
C. They created new weapons
D. They helped grow crops
How did transportation change during the Industrial Revolution?
A. People stopped traveling
B. Horses became obsolete
C. Railroads and steamships revolutionized travel
D. Walking became the only form of travel
What event directly triggered the start of World War I?
A. The invasion of Poland
B. The bombing of Pearl Harbor
C. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
D. The Russian Revolution
What was a major consequence of WWII?
A. Decline in global trade
B. Rise of small kingdoms
C. Emergence of the U.S. and USSR as superpowers
D. End of democracy
What were the causes and outcomes of the Crusades?
A. To explore Africa; led to the discovery of gold
B. To expand empires; led to industrialization
C. To reclaim the Holy Land; increased cultural exchange
D. To stop Viking invasions; caused economic depression
What role did Spain and Portugal play in early exploration?
A. They isolated themselves from other nations
B. They were the first to ban overseas trade
C. They led the way in building overseas empires
D. They ignored maritime technology
What did social reformers fight for during the Industrial Revolution?
A. More factories
B. Fewer laws
C. Better working conditions and labor rights
D. Isolationism
How was propaganda used during World War I?
A. To discourage nationalism
B. To promote peace and neutrality
C. To boost morale and gain public support for the war
D. To advertise products
How did World War II end in Europe and the Pacific?
A. Germany and Japan surrendered in 1945
B. The League of Nations banned war
C. Italy took over the Allies
D. The United Nations took control of Europe