Enlightment
What is to protect the natural rights of its citizens (life, liberty, property)?
Enlightenment thinkers, what should be the main job of government?
What is the use of reason and observation to discover natural laws?
thinking about nature and knowledge during the Scientific Revolution encouraged Enlightenment thinkers to value reason
What slogan expressed colonial anger about taxation without representation?
"No taxation without representation"
What general cause (social and economic) made many French people angry before 1789?
inequality and poverty/economic hardship
Which countries were part of the Central Powers during World War I?
The German Empire
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
The Ottoman Empire
What are Natural Rights?
life, liberty, and property?
Who is Galileo Galilei / Isaac Newton / Nicolaus Copernicus?
Scientist from the Scientific Revolution whose methods or discoveries inspired Enlightenment thought.
What policy by Britain placed direct taxes on printed materials in the colonies (name of act)?
the Stamp Act
How did financial problems in the French monarchy contribute to revolution?
King Louis XVI to call the Estates-General, which gave revolutionaries a platform to demand change?
What was the immediate trigger that sparked the outbreak of World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What is the Social Contract
the idea that the people can remove a government that fails to protect rights
What is that thinkers applied the scientific method's emphasis on logic, observation, and proof to study and improve society and government?
scientific method influenced political and social thinking during the Enlightenment.
What 1775 battles are commonly seen as the first battles of the American Revolution?
the Battles of Lexington and Concord?
Why is bread the main food source for the poor, and high prices made survival impossible, leading to mass protests and rioting?
Describe the role of food shortages and high bread prices in causing unrest.
What was the main reasons the United States entered World War I?(2)
Sinking of the Lusitania and the zimmerman note
Who is Baron de Montesquieu?
separation of powers in government?
What is the belief in Natural Law, applying the orderly principles of the universe (like gravity) to human society?
Enlightenment idea that was directly inspired by Scientific Revolution thinking
Which 1777 American victory convinced France to support the United States?
Battle of Saratoga
What is that bread was the main food source for the poor, and high prices made survival impossible, leading to mass protests and rioting?
the storming of the Bastille?
How did the introduction of new military technologies impact the course of World War I?
Causes a stalemate
What is providing the philosophical basis (natural rights, popular sovereignty) for people to demand change and overthrow unjust governments?
Enlightenment ideas
What is by demonstrating that traditional views could be wrong if they contradicted empirical evidence, giving Enlightenment thinkers the confidence to question traditional political authority?
the Scientific Revolution shifted authority from tradition to evidence, and how that change supported an Enlightenment worldview.
Who provided crucial military supplies, money, and most importantly, naval support to challenge the British on the sea?
The French
one immediate political result in Paris after the Bastille was stormed.
the shift of power away from the King to a popular municipal government in Paris
What were the major consequences of World War I?
Lead to WW 2