Foundations of Civilization
The Mesopotamians wrote ________________ on clay tablets, while the Egyptians wrote hieroglyphics on _______________.
Cuneiform, Papyrus
A key factor leading to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire was the division of the empire by Emperor ______________________________ in 395 CE
Diocletian
The emperor _________________ was a famous Maurya ruler who converted to Buddhism after a bloody war.
Asoka
Theodora was __________________ wife?
Justinian's
Explain the contributions of Islamic scholars in the fields of science, math and geography.
Islamic scholars preserved Greek texts, developed algebra and Arabic numerals, and made significant contributions to optics, astronomy, and the study of the Earth.
Why was Salt so important along the Trans-Saharan trade routes?
It allowed travelers to preserve meat.
**DOUBLE JEOPARDY**
The Sumerians developed the first form of writing known as_______________.
Cuneiform
The Roman Empire’s division led to the rise of the __________ Empire in the East.
Byzantine
The __________ Empire developed the concept of zero and the decimal system.
Gupta
The Great Schism of 1054 CE split the Christian church into the Roman Catholic and ______________ Orthodox Churches.
Eastern or Greek
Where did Islam begin
Mecca, modern-day Saudi Arabia
Middle East
What is it called when African beliefs blended with new ideas from Islam and Christianity?
Religious Syncretism
__________ supports the caste system, __________ rejects it.
Hinduism; Buddhism
Roman achievements included __________ and __________.
Aqueducts; Legal systems
How did the geographic features of China and India influence the development of their early civilizations?
Rivers provided fertile lands for agriculture.
Mountains, oceans and deserts created natural barriers that fostered cultural isolation and protection while enabling trade and population growth.
The Western Roman Empire believed the ____________ was the leader of the Christian Church while the Eastern Roman Empire believed it was the __________________.
Pope; Patriarch
What is the Christian Holy Book?
The Bible
How did Mansa Musa lose all his wealth?
He gave away all his money during his pilgrimage to Mecca.
The rivers that supported Mesopotamian civilization were __________ and __________.
Tigris and Euphrates
The Roman Republic was governed by __________ and __________.
Senate; Consuls
Explain the concept of the caste system in India.
The caste system in India divides people into different social groups based on birth, with each group having specific roles and jobs
Describe the relationship between the Roman and Byzantine Empires.
The Byzantine Empire was a continuation of the Roman Empire.
Who is the founder of the Christian Church?
Paul of Tarsus
What animal was used to travel the Trans-Saharan trade routes?
The Camel.
What role did geography play in the development of Mesopotamia?
There are 2 answers
It provided fertile land and river flooding
Hellenism blended __________, __________, and __________ cultures.
Greek, Persian, Egyptian
Civil service exams in China were designed to __________.
Select qualified government officials.
Describe the significance of Justinian’s Law Code
It is a comprehensive legal code that simplified thousands of Roman laws into a clear and systematic legal framework that influenced legal systems in future civilizations.
Who is the founder of Islam?
Muhammad
Where was Mansa Musa from?
Mali
Describe the role of the Mandate of Heaven in the Chinese dynasties of Zhou, Qin, and Han.
The Mandate of Heaven was the belief that an emperor's right to rule came from the gods, and if they ruled badly, they would lose that right.
What does SPAA mean
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Alexander The Great
What does religious tolerance mean?
Religious tolerance means respecting and accepting people's right to practice different religions
How did the Mongols contribute to the spread of the bubonic plague?
Through the Silk Road and the use of catapults to hurl plague-infected bodies over city walls.
What is the name of the Jewish Holy Book?
Torah
What is an example of Cultural diffusion along the Trans-Saharan trade routes?
Hint: Religion
The spread of Islam.
Hammurabi’s Code was an important contribution of the ________________________ civilization, known for its strict and extensive legal system.
Mesopotamia
The Roman Republic became an empire when __________ took power.
Augustus Caesar
Chandragupta unified India into __________.
One empire
The Hagia Sophia is a key example of ____________________ art and architecture.
Monumental
The split between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims was a result of a disagreement over the succession to the leadership after the death of the prophet ______________________.
Muhammad
What was the significance of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca?
His pilgrimage showcased the wealth of the region and the importance of Islamic scholarship. He built mosques and universities ensuring Mali’s cultural influence.
The __________ Dynasty built the Great Wall of China to defend against invaders.
Qin
Another word for a Greek City-State is?
Polis
Pillars erected by Asoka promoted __________.
Buddhist teachings
Explain the impact of the Mongol Empire on Russia, China, and the Middle East, including the role of Genghis Khan.
The largest contiguous land Empire in history uniting Europe and Asia. Russia experienced the Golden Horde while China unified under the Yuan Dynasty. Safe trade routes offered opportunities for cultural exchange and the entire Empire benefited from the Golden Age of Pax Mongolica.
Describe the significance of the Trans-Saharan trade routes.
They connected sub-Saharan Africa with Europe and Asia leading to the exchange of gold and salt as well as the spread of Islam.
Who was the leader of the Songhai empire?
Sunni Ali
The Neolithic Revolution led to __________ and __________ in early societies.
Agriculture and permanent settlements
Roman roads helped spread __________.
Christianity
Indian Ocean trade routes exchanged __________ and __________.
Spices; textiles
Explain the impact that Byzantium had on Kievan Rus and the Russian Empire.
The adoption of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in 988 AD influenced their identity, religion, art, and architecture. This cultural exchange developed a Russian culture rooted in Byzantine traditions that shaped the region long after the fall of the Byzantine Empire.
What is the Holy Book of Islam?
The Qu'ran
Songhai fell to Moroccan invaders because of_____ _______.
Gun powder.
Theocracy is a form of government where __________.
Religion and government are combined
Compare and contrast the Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens, focusing on their political systems and social values.
Sparta was a militaristic state, and women had rights. While Athens was a democracy, women did not have rights. Both were Greek polis.
The Great Wall of China was built to __________.
Protect against northern invasions
Explain the main reasons for the fall of Constantinople in 1453 CE.
The government was weak, the Bubonic Plague was rampant and the Ottoman Empire invaded changing the main religion from Christianity to Islam.
The Islamic Empire was a hub for trade, connecting Europe and Asia through the _________ ___________ trade route.
Trans-Saharan
Why was Ghana so rich?
Trade of Gold and Salt