Renaissance
Who invented the printing press?
Gutenberg
A release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic Church, reducing time in purgatory after death is called a what?
indulgence
A set of principles that dominated economic thought in the 17th century; it held that the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold and silver.
mercantilism
Who introduced the 'separation of powers' as an ideal of the Enlightenment?
Montesquieu
A sudden overthrow of the government is called what?
a coup d'etat
Writer and political advisor that believed that it was better for a leader to be feared than loved.
Machiavelli
The religious doctrine that Martin Luther developed
Lutheranism
What did Amerigo Vespucci explore?
America
Who invented the idea of a "social contract?"
Rousseau
A political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion.
conservatism
A soldier who fights primarily for pay is called a what?
Mercenary
declared invalid
annul
Name one effect of the Columbian exchange.
The introduction of new foods, animals, diseases between Europe and the Americas.
Who became an enemy of the Catholic Church due to his scientific beliefs?
Galileo
A political philosophy originally based largely on Enlightenment principles, holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties should be protected.
liberalism
An intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history.
humanism
An important effect of the Protestant Reformation in Europe was that it strengthened the power of the ________.
monarchies
Who is thought to be the first explorer to sail around the globe?
Magellan
A procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence. Crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world.
scientific method
How many people were killed in the Reign of Terror?
40,000
How was the black death spread?
From the fleas on rats
What was the name of the church started by Henry VIII?
Anglican church or church of England
The forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas is called what?
The Middle Passage
The right to govern through the consent of the people
popular sovereignty
Which of the three estates did the nobles belong to?
the 2nd estate