THE ENLIGHTENMENT
This movement emphasized reason, science, and individual rights over tradition and religious authority.
The Enlightenment
This political idea argues that power should be divided to protect liberties.
separation of powers
Napoleon seized power in 1799 through this coup.
Coup of 18 Brumaire
The first battles of the American Revolution were fought here.
Lexington and Concord
The French social system was divided into these three groups.
Three Estates
Two values promoted by Enlightenment thinkers that helped lay the foundation for modern democracy.
liberty and tolerance
This debate contrasts free markets with heavy government control of trade.
capitalism vs. mercantilism
This legal reform replaced feudal laws and emphasized equality before the law.
Napoleonic Code
This document, written in 1776, asserted natural rights and colonial grievances.
Declaration of Independence
This event symbolized revolt against tyranny in France.
Storming of the Bastille
In the early 18th century, people began applying scientific reasoning to this part of life.
politics, economics, and society
This religious belief promotes a god based on reason rather than traditional church doctrine.
Deism
This system tried to economically isolate Great Britain.
Continental System
This battle was the turning point that helped secure French support.
Battle of Saratoga
This leader unified Haitian rebel forces.
Toussaint Louverture
This philosopher laid the foundation for more democratic government in the 17th century.
John Locke
This question debated whether humans are naturally good or selfish.
human nature
This 1812 invasion destroyed Napoleon’s army.
Russian Campaign
This 1783 treaty officially recognized U.S. independence.
Treaty of Paris
This document asserted universal rights during the French Revolution.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Two places where Enlightenment ideas spread socially in Europe.
French salons and London coffeehouses
This form of government was debated against absolutism and democracy.
constitutional monarchy
This meeting restored monarchies and the balance of power after Napoleon’s defeat.
Congress of Vienna
Two founding documents that codified Enlightenment principles in the U.S.
Constitution and the Bill of Rights
Haiti became the first of these in the modern world.
first successful slave-led republic / first Black-led republic