Greece
Fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek polis
Acropolis
Who was the 1st emperor of the Roman Empire?
Augustus Caesar
Chandragupta’s grandson who ruled the Mauryan Empire through Buddhist teachings of peace and practiced religious tolerance.
Asoka
What is a democracy?
Citizens are able to vote on a variety of issues
What is a Golden Age?
A period of time when art, education, and philosophy flourished.
Basis of Athenian & Spartan Society:
Athens focused on _________.
Sparta focused on _________.
Athens: Trade, education and wisdom
Sparta: Military strength and strategy
How did geography impact Ancient Rome?
Rome’s central location allowed for it to control the Mediterranean Sea
Which Greek philosopher was sentenced to death for “corrupting the youth of Athens?”
Socrates
What is a classical civilization?
Civilizations whose culture influenced modern life (ex: Greece influenced modern democracy, architecture and theater)
The two types of dramas that were written and performed by Greeks.
Comedy and Drama
Government in Athens and Sparta:
Athens had a __________. (all people rule; elected officials)
Sparta had a __________. (small group of people rule)
Athens: Democracy
Sparta: Oligarchy
What was the difference between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire in terms of government leadership?
Citizens had the right to elect their leaders vs. Emperor having all the power
This philosopher was a student of Socrates, founded the Academy in Athens, and wrote "The Republic" (described his ideal state as being led by a philosopher-king).
Plato
What is a polis? Name two examples.
Greek city-states
What was Hellenistic culture?
**Hint: Think Greece**
The culture created through Alexander the Great’s blending of Greek culture with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influences.
Describe how women were treated in Athens and Sparta.
Athens: women were secluded to separate quarters and had to be accompanied in public; they could not own property; subject to their fathers (even after marriage); NOT a citizen
Sparta: did not need permission to leave the house; could own property and make business transactions; more educated/trained in battle skills
List three of Rome's technological advances
1. An extensive road system
2. The use of arches and domes in their architecture
3. Aqueducts: channeled fresh waters into cities
4. Mechanical reaper
He was a student of Plato who later became Alexander the Great's teacher, as well as the creator of the scientific method and other theories on ethics
Aristotle
What is religious tolerance and who practiced it?
The acknowledgement and accepting of people of different faiths as practiced by Emperor Asoka (also the Roman Empire, as long as the conquered lands respected the Roman laws/gods as well).
What was the Delian League?
An alliance formed among the Greek city-states (poleis) during the Persian Wars
What two geography features impacted Ancient Greece?
Mountains isolated city-states
Seas allowed easy access to trade
Name 3 reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire.
Invasions by Germanic tribes
Disruption of trade and high taxes
Gap between the rich and poor grew wider
Disloyalty of citizens and military
Split of empire into East & West (weakened and divided)
He was a student of Aristotle, and his empire established a new Hellenistic era in which Greek culture, philosophy, and art spread across Asia and Egypt, leaving a lasting cultural legacy.
Alexander the Great
What is a cultural diffusion? What ruler and civilization was the BEST example of this?
The exchange of ideas and cultures.
Alexander the Great and Hellenistic Civilization
What was Pax Romana?
A period of relative peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire that led to a Golden Age