Characteristics of Civilization
Hinduism
Buddhism
Mesopotamia/Egypt
Greece
Rome
Vocab
100
Where did most ancient civilizations settle near and why?
Rivers because they provided fresh water, travel, and flooded which made the land fertile with silt.
100
What type of religion was Hinduism? (polytheistic or montheistic)
Polytheistic, but some say it's one God representing many in an "Ultimate Reality"
100
Who was the founder of Buddhism and what did his "nickname" stand for?
Siddhartha Guatama - Buddha = "Enlightened One"
100
What was cuneiform?
The earliest form of writing
100
What are city-states?
Separate communities of Ancient Greece that had their own governments, armies, and laws. Also known as polis.
100
Who commanded the Roman Army under the Republic?
Consuls
100
What is belief in one God?
What is belief in many gods?
Montheism
Polytheism
200
Aside from water, what was a necessity and would lead to civilizations settling in one place and growing?
Food/Food surpluses from crop growing.
200
What is the social class system in Hinduism?
The Caste System
200
What did buddhists have to follow to end suffering?
The Eightfold Path which was the Middle Path
200
What was the famous first set of written laws?
Hammurabis code
200
What was Athens?
Greek city-state, or polis, that was known as the birthplace of democracy.
200
When did Pax Romana begin?
After the rule of Augustus
200
Founder of Judaism
Abraham
300
Where did most ancient rulers believe they received their authority to rule people from?
God/Gods
300
What was the result of someone's actions during their life that could be good or bad and would determine where they were to be reincarnated to? Bonus 100 points to define reincarnation
Karma
Reincarnation - Being reborn again into a different person (in Hinduism specifically being placed in the body of someone or even an animal above or below the caste you were previously in in your last life depending on Karma).
300
What did Buddhists want to reach to break their reincarnation cycle?
Nirvana which was peace of mind and their version of the afterlife.
300
What was the book of the Dead?
The book Egyptians were buried with (if they could afford it or were Pharaohs) to guide them to the afterlife.
300
Who was Alexander The Great?
Education by Aristotle, taught the benefits of being a good speaker and the qualities a strong leader
Military training at a young age by powerful father, Phillip II of Macedonia; learned the value of united and coordinated military tactics that protected foot soldiers and relied on the calvary (horseback soldiers)
300
Why did Christianity grow in this time period?
It gave hope to the powerless.
300
What is the "law" of the Jewish faith?'
What is the sacred text of Christianity?
Torah
Bible
400
List the four river valley civilizations.
Mesopotamia
Ancient Egypt
Indus River Valley
Yellow River/Ancient China
400
What is someone's duty based on their caste called in Hinduism?
Dharma
400
What did Buddha reject that Hindus believe in?
The Caste System
400
Who were the rulers of Ancient Egypt?
Pharaohs
400
What was hellenistic?
An era defined by Greek cultural and political dominance after Alexander the Great's conquest.
400
When did Christianity become legal in Rome?
After Constantine believed he witnessed a miracle.
400
What is Salvation?
Saving the soul from sin and admission to heaven brought by Jesus
500
Name all seven of the characteristics of civilzation.
Religion
Job Specialization
Cities
Government
Writing/Language
Technology
Social Hierarchy/or Classes
500
What is the ultimate goal of Hinduism?
To reach Moksha (their afterlife)
500
Name the Four Noble Truths.
Life is suffering
Desire causes suffering
Ceasing desire ends suffering
The Eightfold Path leads to the end of suffering
500
What was the river the Egyptians settled on and why was the area around it an advantage and hinderance?
The Nile and it was good for bringing silt for agriculture directly next to the Nile. The surrounding area was desert which prevented invaders, but it was also very infertile outside of the Nile.
500
Match the philosopher to their description:
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Description:
- attended the Academy, taught Alexander the Great; constructs arguments through use of logic
- founded the Academy, school of philosophy, is utopia achievable?
- Teacher, questioned Athenian values, religion, customs and laws, put to death
Socrates, Teacher, questioned Athenian values, religion, customs and laws, put to death
Plato, founded the Academy, school of philosophy, is utopia achievable?
Aristotle attended the Academy, taught Alexander the Great; constructs arguments through use of logic
500
How did Rome's military expansion eventually collapse?
Its borders were too large to properly man and defend, while creating too many enemies.
500
Who is Brahman?
Main Hindu God who created the universe and everything in it.