Luther, to the Rescue!
This man, born in Germany, led the Reformation by writing the 95 Thesis and refusing to recant his beliefs before the Holy Roman Emperor
This man authored the Institutes of the Christian Religion and taught a doctrine known as predestination
John Calvin
This movement, sometimes known as the Counter-Reformation, sought to reform the Catholic Church from within.
The Catholic Reformation
This court, established in 1542 to fight Protestantism, targeted Protestants, Jews, and Muslims and ultimately damaged the image of the Catholic Church
Roman Inquisition
I was a ghost, I was alone
Ah
This practice involved paying the church to pardon a person from pergatory
Indulgence
This hermeneutic, named after its creator, taught that mankind is sinful by nature, cannot earn salvation, and that God chooses who will be saved.
Calvinism
This term refers to any who disagree with the official teachings of the church
Heretics
Driven by hysteria, many hunted these people down, believing them to be the cause of drought and other natural phenomenon
Witches
Given the throne, I didn't know how to believe
I was the queen that I'm meant to be (oh)
These objects of veneration were often used to obtain blessings and included things like the skull of John the Baptist or the nails used in Jesus' crucifixion
Relics
This is the ideal government style, according to John Calvin
Theocracy
This order, founded by Ignatius of Loyola, helped to start schools and convert non-Christians
Jesuits
These 2 nations fought in the Italian Wars
France and Spain
I lived two lives, tried to play both sides
But I couldn't find my own place (oh, oh)
sola fide
This denomination, founded by John Knox, brought Calvinism to Scotland and was governed by laymen called elders or presbyters
Presbyterians
This Catholic reformer wrote Spiritual Exercises and called for meditation, prayer, and study as a part of his reforms
Ignatius of Loyola
This massacre occurred between Catholics and Huguenots, resulting in the death of 12,000 Calvinists
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacres
Called a problem child, 'cause I got too wild
But now that's how I'm gettin' paid, 끝없이 on stage
This group, now considered to be any Christian outside of the Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox Church, gained its name from the princes who sided with Luther against the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor.
Protestants
This name was given to Calvin's followers in France.
Huguenots
Pope Paul III called this council to lay out several reforms in response to the Protestant Reformation.
Council of Trent
This royal decree, issued by Henry of Navarre, granted religious freedom to Protestants
Edict of Nantes
I'm done hidin', now I'm shinin'
Like I'm born to be
After the princes of the Holy Roman Empire publicly rebelled against the Emperor and the Catholic Church--Emperor Charles V ended the violence with this agreement.
The Peace of Augsburg
This is the term used to describe a method or theory of interpretation
hermeneutic
Pope Paul IV created this list of books and inquisitions burned them.
Index of Forbidden Books
This was the result of the Reformation and caused populations to unite around culture, language, and national pride.
Nation-states
We dreamin' hard, we came so far
Now I believe
These were a few of the main criticisms levelled against the Catholic Church and contributed directly to the Reformation.
Pope's who spent extravagantly, extramarital affairs, illegitimate children, and poorly educated priests
These Christians believed in the separation of church and state, opposed wars, and their name literally means, "baptize again"
Anabaptists
Considered by many to be the most famous female spiritual leader of the Catholic Reformation, this nun ran away from home to join a convent at the age of 20 and reportedly had many visions.
Teresa of Avila
This was the biggest impact of the Italian Wars (according to the text book).
We're goin' up, up, up, it's our moment
You know together we're glowin'
Gonna be, gonna be golden
Oh, up, up, up with our voices
Gonna be, gonna be golden