World Leaders
What was Louis XIV's key contribution to history?
He was one of the most successful absolute monarchs of his time
What is an absolute monarch?
a monarch/leader who had unlimited and unrestrained power
Who was the first person to seriously suggest that the earth revolved around the sun?
Copernicus
What belief system believes that the path to truth is through human reason?
a) Empiricism
b) Rationalism
c) Secularism
b) Rationalism
Who led Parliament's forces in the English civil war and won, then set up a protectorate?
Oliver Cromwell
What was William and Mary's key contribution to history?
They signed the English Bill of Rights
A group of advisors to the English king who met to discuss matters of state was called what?
Cabinet
Who's book The Skeptical Chymist was foundational for modern chemistry?
Robert Boyle
Empiricism is a belief that man can find knowledge only through what?
experience
Which country did not have a monarchy, and who made them a world power?
The Dutch Republic; the merchants
What was Charles I's key contribution to history?
He started a civil war when he tried to arrest the House of Commons.
What was the English Bill of Rights?
1689 document that limited royal power, established certain civil liberties, and forbade future kings or queens from being Roman Catholics
Who was the "Father of Modern Medicine"?
Hippocrates
Who believed in rationalism?
a) René Descartes
b) John Locke
c) Spinoza
a) René Descartes
About what fraction of the English kings had limited power when they ruled in the 17th and 18th centuries?
1/1 = all of them
What was Catherine the Great's key contribution to history?
She made Russia became a strong power in Europe under her reign.
How were the English colonies affected by the Bill of Rights?
They didn't get all the rights that the English citizens did, so that became a factor that led to the American Revolution. The U.S. Constitution also had ten amendments which defined liberties and placed restraints on governmental interference, and which were very similar to the Bill of Rights.
Who was the "Father of Geometry"?
Euclid
Who believed in Empiricism?
John Locke
Who was the Dominican friar who played an important role in introducing Muslim documents to medieval universities
Albert the Great
What was Maria Theresa's key contribution to history?
She turned Vienna into an important center for the arts.
What was the Glorious Revolution, who did it bring to power, and what document did they sign?
A peaceful revolution in which Parliament dethroned James II and installed William and Mary as joint rulers, they had to sign the Bill of Rights
Who was the "Father of modern chemistry"?
Antoine Lavoisier
What is secularism, and what did Spinoza believe about the Bible?
Secularism is a philosophy that advocates a society that is free from religion; and Spinoza thought that the Bible is a historical artifact and not useful to society
What was one negative impact of the Scientific Revolution?
Reason came to be seen as an authority and not just as a tool.