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Definitions
Paris
The Negotiations
Peace Terms
Other Important Information
100
What is to demilitarize?
To make an area free of military personnel and weapons
100
What was the purpose of the League of Nations?
To preserve peace among nations by using diplomacy to resolve conflict.
100
Who was George Clemenceau?
The Prime Minister of France in 1919.
100
What were the two main things that Germany had to give to France as a result of the TOV?
Alsace-Lorraine was returned Saar coalfields
100
Why did the US Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?
The senators wanted the US not to be involved in another war.
200
What are reparations?
Money, goods, land or natural resources, that is used to pay for damage caused
200
What was Woodrow Wilson's main contribution to the negotiations, and what was its main objective?
The 14 Points - a proposal to create lasting peace.
200
Who were "The Big Three" and why were they called by that name?
France, US, Britain - they were the three most powerful countries at the negotiations.
200
Which country was Germany forbidden to unite with as a result of the TOV?
Austria-Hungary
200
What date and time was the Armistice signed?
November 11, 1918 at 11 a.m. (11/11/18 at 11)
300
What is self-determination?
The right of a country and its people to rule themselves and choose their own government
300
What was Clemenceau (France's) position on how Germany should be treated and why? (2 reasons)
He thought Germany should receive harsh punishment so that they would pay for the destruction of French territory. It also wanted Germany crippled so that it could never threaten France again.
300
Who was Britain's representative and what was his position?
Lloyd George, Prime Minister of Britain
300
Who got to keep the Rhineland and what happened to it?
Germany got to keep it, and it was demilitarized.
300
What sanctions could the League of Nations use to discipline an aggressor nation? (Name 3)
international pressure trade sanctions force
400
What is the War Guilt Clause?
It was a part of the Treaty of Versailles that placed sole responsibility for the war on Germany.
400
Why did Lloyd George feel that Germany should not be too harshly treated?
Because it needed to recover from the war too, and if it was punished too harshly, it would only lead to chaos and unhappiness, and this would not be good for Europe. If Germany recovered, it could also become a future trading partner.
400
Why was Russia not allowed to participate in the negotiations?
They had adopted the communist system and other countries feared communism.
400
Did German East Africa and German Southwest Africa gain independence? If not, what happened to them?
No. They were just given to the Allies to divide among them.
400
Give 2 new countries that were created from the land that Russia gave to Germany in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which Germany lost as a result of the Treaty of Versailles
Finland, Estonia, Latvia (any 2)
500
What is the Alsace-Lorraine?
An area of eastern France that was taken by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870
500
What did Poland gain as a result of the Treaty of Versailles?
Land that granted it access to the sea (a coast)
500
What treaty did Italy sign during the war, in which the Allies promised Italy the Adriatic Coast if it turned against the Central Powers?
What is the Treaty of London?
500
What restrictions were placed on the German armed forces? (Give two)
100,000 men maximum (required to serve for 12 years) no production of military vehicles fleet given to Britain
500
What is the main difference between communism and capitalism? (ownership of property)
Communism - property is owned by the state Capitalism - property can be owned by individuals