World War Two through Korean War

Going to WWII

100

What are two reasons Roosevelt avoids foreign policy and what is appeasement?

1) Taking care of the depression was his top priority 2) World was becoming a more dangerous power Appeasement is buying off good behavior, the British and French did this to Germany

200

What are the Neutrality Laws and what were 3 things they said?

The Neutrality laws were to prevent the US from getting sucked into war. 1) Outlawed exporting weapons to countries at war 2) Americans cannot travel on ships from countries at war 3) Cash & Carry: If country at war wants to buy something they must pay $ up front and send own ship to get it.

300

What were the two sides of the Great Debate?

Roosevelt's side: Should help Britain as much as possible short of entering the war. Britain is the last thing between Germany and US. He was supported by the Committee to Aid the Allies Isolationist's Side: Represented by America first Committee. The 1940 election shows that most American's were on Roosevelt;s side of the debate.

400

Name 4 things Roosevelt does to aid the Brits

1) Destroyers for Bases Deal: Roosevelt gives Britain their destroyers in exchange for bases in Britain 2) Lend-Lease: America will lend weapons and after the war Britain will give it back. Economic declaration of war 3) Sent Americans to Iceland and Greenland 4) Shoot on Sight: American Navy will escort merchant ships ad shot German submarines on sight, undeclared Naval War.

500

December 7, 1941 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor. What are the three reasons this is important?

1) Destroyed or damaged our fleet 2) Opened up Pacific Ocean to Japanese attack 3) Angered & united Americans like nothing else

Fighting on WWII

100

WWII was a war against fascism that made America a superpower. America chose to use attrition. What were three parts of this plan?

1) Outproduce the enemy 2) Overwhelm the enemy 3) Cautious with soldiers' lives

200

What were the 5 components of the Grand Alliance's plan?

1) Unconditional Surrender: This was a fight to the death. 2) Germany First: Defeating Germany was top priority 3) Round the Clock Bombing: Bomb German cities around the clock 4) Soviets attack Germany from the East 5) America and Britain initiate the second front by going into Germany occupied France

300

Name 5 Characteristics of the war in the pacific?

1) Dual Drive Offensive: Attack Japan from two different directions 2) Island Hopping: Jump from island to island 3) Avoid well defended islands when possible 4) Japanese ferocity, surrendering was not an option. Kamikazes kill 5,00 at Okinawa 5) Atomic Bombs, we bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki

400

Name 3 ways rationing and total war affect everyday life

1) Fashion: Need material for uniforms, shorter skirts 2) Entertainment: Everything is about the war 3) Sexual Morality: Victory Girls and STDs

500

Name 6 things to remember about women in the work force during WWII. What was Executive Order 9066?

1) Women took over a lot of traditional male jobs 2) Did it for personal and patriotic reasons 3) Caused concern women would become too masculine 4) Gov't empahasized jobs were temporary 5) Don't overstate it, only 30% of women worked Placed Japanese Americans in internment camps

Origins of the Cold War

100

What 3 things lead to the Cold War?

1) Conflicting Ideologies: US was a democracy, USSR was a dictatorship led by Stalin. 2) Postwar Goals: ~America wants the International Economic Order for free trade along with General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and Bretton Woods Agreement, US would be a banker ~Soviets want to dominate Eastern Europe and to spread communism if they could. 3) Eastern Europe: At the Teheran Conference FDR agrees Stalin can take Eastern Europe if they are nice.

200

Why did FDR agree to Stalin taking East Europe?

1) We needed the Soviets, they did most of the fighting 2) Figured Soviets would take it anyway 3) Roosevelt wants Soviets to know we trust them

300

While Truman is president, George Kennan writes the Long Telegram. Name 5 things it said

1) Problems with Soviets is their fault 2) Soviets are naturally bullies 3) Only understand force 4) US needs to stand up to Soviets 5: If we do this they will either tire and mellow or collapse

400

What did the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan say?

Truman Doctrine: US will help any government fighting Commie rebels, the problem was that this meant even dictators. It also showed most Americans believed all commies report to USSR. (Monolithic Commnism) Marshall Plan: Give West Europe billions of dollars to get back on feet. This causes for communism to lose appeal

500

What are 4 things NSC-68 said?

1) US is losing the Cold War 2) Soviets want to dominate the world 3) Soviets won't be ready for war until 1954 4) US needs a massive military build up

The Korean War

100

When Russia makes North Korea and US makes South Korea Truman said they would not help SK if NK invades, Name 3 reasons why he changed his mind?

1) Believed credibility was on the line 2) Thought Soviets were behind it 3) Political reasons, presidents don't like looking weak

200

What are the three ways he responds to the invasion?

1) Send American military to defense 2) Didn't ask Congress 3) Takes NSC-68 off the shelf

300

North Korea is destroyed in 1950 and Truman wants to unite Korea. What does China (Mao Zedong)say about this and what is the end result?

China tells America if they invade China will attack. MacArthur ignores this and China holds up their end of the deal. Ridgeway turns this around to save troops. Truman wants to cut a deal but MacArthur wants to keep fighting. This causes for MacArthur to be fired.

400

What are 4 things China and America bicker over?

1) Where to draw the boundary? 2) Prisoners did not want to go back 3) Chinese stall so that Americans will break 4) Korean dictators want war until one side wins Eventually the border is put where fighting ended and prisoners only go home if they want to

500

What are three important results of the Korean War?

1) SK was saved, credibility in tact 2) Killed Truman's presidency 3) Left a bad tastes in the mouths of American policy makers

Truman and Postwar America

100

Reconversion is the transition from war time to peacetime. What were 2 aspects of reconversion after WWII?

1) Demobilization: Getting out soldiers back home 2) Resuming life: Millions were coming home and were ready to back to normalcy

200

What were 5 unforeseen problems of soldiers coming home?

1) Family problems, many had gotten married right before to women they didn't know. Those who stayed married bred like rabbits; baby boomers 2) Housing Shortages 3) Shortages and inflation, people have money but nothing to buy 4) Labor unrest, want new contracts

300

What are three things the government does to help with aforementioned problems?

1) Employment Act of 1946: Government maximizes employment 2) Office of Price Administration: Meant to give everything a set price, no one follows this 3) Taft-Hartley Act: If there is strike in a company vital to national security president can order employees back to work for 80 days.

400

What are three things that Truman did to beat Dewey in the 1948 election?

1) Blamed Republican congress for problems 2) Painted Wallace as a left wing commie night 3) Whistle-Stop Campaign: Truman went to towns that were so small trains didn't even stop at.

500

Five components of the Fair Deal

1) More social security for people 2) More money to farmers 3) Fed gov't take care of health insurance 4) Fed Gov't more money on education and housing 5) Government was to do more for blacks, fails because of Korean War and Conservative Coalition