Causes of WWI
What is Militarism?
Heavy state investment in military; prioritizing military solutions for every problem.
Which empire did Arabs want independence from?
The Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Which group did the Czar target for violence?
Jews
What was the name of Germany's fascist party?
Nazis
What are alliances?
(Bonus 100: How do "entangling alliances" escalate into a World War?)
Promises between countries to defend each other.
(When one country gets attacked, all its allies are dragged into a war, then all the attackers allies get dragged in)
What conditions did England expect in exchange for helping the Arab revolt?
Influence over the new Arab state and some "special administrative arrangements" in Iraq.
Why did the Russian people want to overthrow the Czar/Tsar?
- Dragged them into WWI for no reason.
- Most people lived in extreme poverty while the royal family lived lavishly.
- The royals encouraged violence against minority groups, like Jews
Who led the German fascist movement?
Adolph Hitler
What is nationalism?
Belief in building countries out of ethnic/cultural groups.
Which group of people did the Ottomans oppress during WWI due to growing Turkish nationalism?
Armenians
What was the new name for the former Russian Empire after the Revolution?
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
Why was fascism appealing to Germans after WWI?
Germany's economy was in shambles and the country had been humiliated by the end of WWI/Treaty of Versailles, so they were hungry for ideas that could promise them hope for future glory.
How did did Imperialism contribute to WWI?
What happened during the Sykes-Picot agreement?
England broke their promise of a unified Arab state and secretly plotted with France to divide the Middle East amongst themselves.
What were Soviets?
Councils of workers that emerged as an alternate government, challenging the provisional government.
Which groups did the Nazis blame for Germany's supposed fall from glory?
Jews, communists, disabled people, Roma (Gypsies), LGBTQ+ people
Whose assassination sparked WWI and why did it happen?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria Hungary, assassinated by Serbian nationalists who wanted independence.
What was the Mandate System, which organization set it up, and why?
The system that the League of Nations set up allowing England and France to take control former colonies in the Middle East and Africa in order to "guide" them toward self-government.
Which men were the main ideological basis for the Bolshevik party?
(Bonus 250 if you can explain the ideas promoted by one of them).
Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin
(Marxism: The belief that workers should overthrow the ruling/owning class and run society together until they achieve a stateless, moneyless, classless society).
What are the defining features of fascism?
Ultranationalism ("Our ethnic group should set up a state to rule everyone else")
Narrative of national rebirth ("We can regain our former glory through a dramatic struggle")