What is the main difference between Risk Assessment and Health Assessment?
What is the different roles of EPA and ATSDR. EPA selects actions to be take, ATSDR provides info on health implications.
100
Case Control Studies, what do they consist of
What is diseased vs non-diseased, good for common exposures and rare diseases
100
Reflexive Laws
What is aim to establish internal evaluative procedures to lessen environmental harm and increase benefits.
100
What are the 5 characteristics on toxicants?
What is
must be in the environment,
bioavailable and bioaccumulated,
interacts at molecular site,
causes metabolic dysfunction,
decreases fitness of an organism
100
What is ground water and where is it found?
What is water that has penetrated the ground and is found in soil. Located in the zones of aeration and saturation.
200
What are two difficulties that need to be overcome in risk communication?
What is selectivity/media bias and misperception
200
Cohort Studies, what do they consist of
What is exposed vs unexposed, rare diseases and common exposures
200
TSCA
What is Toxic Substance Control Act, regulate chemical substances and mixtures.
200
What are 4 exposure routes?
What is skin/dermal, pulmonary/resp, GI tract/dietary, Injection/experimental
200
What is activated sludge?
What is sludge from secondary treatment pumped back into the primary treatment settling tank to refresh the microbe tank.
300
What are the four steps of Risk Assessment?
What is Hazard ID, Dose-response, exposure assessment, risk characterization
300
Sentinel Health events are
What is untimely death, injury, illness signaling the failure of preventive policies and practices.
300
The difference between Safe Drinking Water Act and Clean Water Act
What is SDWA = underground sources, primary and secondary standards
CWA = refers to run off (protecting water for wildlife/recreation)
300
Major Systems of Elimination (4)
What is renal, biliary, pulmonary, minor routes
300
What are the global uses of water? (in order greatest to least)
What is power generation, agriculture, industrial, domestic
400
What are the 6 steps in Health Assessment?
What is site evaluation, community concern, contaminant ID, exposure assessment, community implications, conclusions/recomendations
400
Random missclassification of exposure
What is when exposure is measured or classified incorrectly and distorts the association of exposure-disease
400
CERCLA
What is Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
Fund, prioritize, and clean.
400
In the primary metabolic pathway oxidation, reduction, and hyrdolysis generally increase the polarity of substances which can result in what?
What is either more or less toxicity
400
When did Federal regulation of water quality begin in the US and who set the standards for bacterial quality?
What is in 1914 and the USPHS
500
What are some important controversies associated with risk assessment?
What is questionable accuracy (default assumptions, animal to human data), observational not experimental
500
Key Hill's Criteria
What is consistency, large effect size, positive dose response, biological plausibility, temporality
500
RCRA
What is Response Conservation and Recovery Act.
Hazard to Waste Manifest - cradle to grave (from beginning to end)
500
After a chemical enters the body what happens next is dependent upon what three things?
What is size, shape, and solubility of the chemical
500
What are the objectives of water treatment?
What is provide a potable water supply and to provide aesthetically acceptable water.