Neuropathic Ulcers
3 components of the peripheral nervous system affected by diabetic peripheral neuropathy
sensory, motor, autonomic
distinctive smell associated with possible wound malignancy
wet cardboard
most common mechanism of injury for burns
thermal exposure
In ESTR, this pole of the circuit is used for bacteriacidal effects
What is the cathode?
breast cancer survivors
areas most vulnerable to frostbite
fingers, toes, ears, nose
Most common location for DFUs
Plantar aspect, met heads
most common site of malignant wounds due to untreated tumors
breast
skin injury like a burn, but happens as a medication reaction, also involves internal epithelial tissues, e.g. - mouth, eyes, GU and GI tracts
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
3 main effects of anodal stimulation
attracts fibroblasts (collagen formation), increases tensile strength of scar tissue, improves wound contraction (myofibroblasts)
Main components of lymph fluid
Protein, Fatty acids
dead cells, pathogens, foreign materials
best dressings or topical agents for dry, infected wounds
silver hydrogel, honey
3 common foot deformities in people with DPN
claw toe, hallux valgus, pes planus
cancerous wound associated with AIDS
Kaposi's sarcoma
Most common locations for frostbite
fingers, toes, ears, nose
Preferred wavelengths for LILT for wound healing
red and infrared
3 components of the lymphatic system/types of vessels
superficial lymphatics
deep lymphatics
perforating vessels
neuropathic foot deformity associated with increased risk of midfoot wounds
Charcot foot
common gait changes in people with DPN
wide BOS, short step length, early heel rise, greater step to step variability, decreased heel strike
wound with violet borders, associated with Crohn's disease and RA
pyoderma gangrenosum
time period for evolution of chemical and electrical burns
24 to 72 hours
Purpose of HBOT (3 purposes)
increases O2 delivery to wounds, decreases edema, fights anerobic bacteria (osteomyelitis)
Test that differentiates between lymphedema and other causes of LE swelling
Stemmer's sign
standardized measure for assessing quality of scar tissue
Vancouver Scar Scale
most important intervention for prevention of DFUs
Proper footwear
2 topical agents preferred to reduce pain and encourage healing in radiation burns
silvadene, hydrogel
burn depth of injury that presents with blisters
second degree/superficial partial thickness burn
22 out of 24
4 components of complex decongestive therapy
manual lymphatic drainage, multilayer bandaging, elevation, therex
best type of dressing for managing odor in palliative care
Charcoal containing dressings
5 characteristics of DFUs
full thickness, circular, pale and dry wound base, circular, callused borders
calciphylaxis
surgical procedure used for circumferential burns to decrease risk of compartment syndrome
escarotomy/fasciotomy
HVPC/ twin peak monophasic
type of lymphedema causes by parasites
filariasis
4 components of the TIME model of wound assessment
Tissue, inflammation/infection, moisture, edges
2 main scales used to c DFUs
Wagner Scale, Texas Wound Class System
bullous pemphigoid
atypical wound - blistering of skin, can also affect the mucous membranes, sometimes associated with SLE
most accurate methods to assess TBSA in burn patients who are 5 years old or younger
Lund Browder Chart, Rule of 9s
2 types of dressings/topical agents contraindicated in ESTR
oils/petroleum, silver
(2) medication classes used in lymphedema treatment
benzopyrones
diuretics
most common location to develop heterotopic ossification in people with large TBSA burns
elbow