Cause And Effect
What was a cause ad effect of America joining the war?
Cause: America joined the war with the Allied Powers
Effect: America emerged as a world power.
Who was Maximilian von Prittwitz?
Maximilian von Prittwitz was the German General in charge of the Eight Army at the opening of the war.
Trench Warfare
Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines largely comprising military trenches, in which troops are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. Infantry Rifles, Artillery, Machine Guns, and Hand Grenades were all used in Trench warfare.
FIRST BATTLE OF THE MARNE
At the start of the First World War, Germany hoped to avoid fighting on two fronts by knocking out France before turning to Russia, France’s ally. The initial German offensive had some early success, but there were not enough reinforcements immediately available to sustain momentum. The French and British launched a counter-offensive at the Marne (6-10 September 1914) and after several days of bitter fighting, the Germans retreated. The Battle of the Marne also marked the end of mobile warfare on the Western Front. Following their retreat, the Germans re-engaged Allied forces on the Aisne, where fighting began to stagnate into trench warfare.
Urine as a defense to gas?
The first defenses against gas were makeshift, mainly rags soaked in water or urine.
What Was the cause and effect of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Cause: Serbian nationalists turned their attention back to the idea of “liberating” the South Slavs of Austria-Hungary.
Effect: This then became the immediate cause of World War I
Who was John J. Pershing?
The American general in command of all U.S. forces in Europe during the war. He strongly opposed the idea of sending American forces to fight on the front.
Artillery
At the beginning of the war, artillery was often sited in the front line to fire over open sights at enemy infantry. Over the course of the war, artillery evolved quite a bit. This is also what created the first anti-aircraft guns.
GALLIPOLI
The Gallipoli campaign (25 April 1915 - 9 January 1916) was the land-based element of a strategy intended to allow Allied ships to pass through the Dardanelles, capture Constantinople (now Istanbul), and ultimately knock Ottoman Turkey out of the war. At dawn on 25 April 1915, Allied troops landed on the Gallipoli peninsula in Ottoman Turkey. General Sir Ian Hamilton decided to make two landings, placing the British 29th Division at Cape Helles and the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) north of Gaba Tepe in an area later dubbed Anzac Cove. Both landings were quickly contained by determined Ottoman troops and neither the British nor the Anzacs were able to advance.
IT'S A BOY!!!
At the beginning of the war, tanks were grouped according to their 'gender'. The male tanks had cannons attached while the females carried machine guns.
What is the cause and effect of Europe forming alliances, such as, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy forming the Triple Alliance?
Cause: political Instability and competition
Effect: Helping cause WW1, as well as Italy, joining WW1 and opposing Germany.
Who was Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. His assassination was the spark that started WW1.
Poison Gas
This was the first time chemical weapons were used in warfare. Chlorine gas was first used on the battlefield in April 1915 at the Second Battle of Ypres in Belgium. It was proved not very effective though as when the wind blew back towards the user it would also kill them.
BATTLE OF THE SOMME
The Battle of the Somme (1 July - 18 November 1916) was a joint operation between British and French forces intended to achieve a decisive victory over the Germans on the Western Front. For many in Britain, the resulting battle remains the most painful and infamous episode of the First World War. They were faced with German defenses that had been carefully laid out over many months. Despite a seven-day bombardment prior to the attack on 1 July, the British did not achieve the quick breakthrough their military leadership had planned for and the Somme became a deadlocked battle of attrition. Over the next 141 days, the British advanced a maximum of seven miles. More than one million men from all sides were killed, wounded, or captured. British casualties on the first day. British commanders learned difficult but important lessons on the Somme that would contribute to eventual Allied victory in 1918.
EXPLOSIONS IN FRANCE WERE HEARD IN LONDON
A team of miners worked in secret to dig tunnels under the trenches during the war in order to plant and detonate mines there. The detonations destroyed much of the German front line and were so great, the prime minister then heard the sound in London, 140 miles away.
What was the cause and effect of Germany's success in the Franco-German War?
Cause: Germany established the German Empire
Effect: Tensions and desires for revenge from the French.
Who is Winston Churchill?
He was Britain's Prime Minister during WW1 but was also the Head of Britain's Navy before getting demoted and moving onto a battalion commander.
War of attrition
War of attrition was the hope that if we were to shoot at each other long enough eventually someone would run out and then be easy to attack as they were left defenseless. The only problem is both sides up'd their production of ammunition and this caused nothing but economic problems.
BRUSILOV OFFENSIVE
The Russian Army had suffered a series of crushing defeats in the first year of the war, but the Brusilov Offensive (4 June - 20 September 1916) would be the most successful Russian offensive. Named after the Russian commander Aleksei Brusilov who led it, the offensive used tactics that were to also prove successful on the Western Front. Brusilov used a short, sharp artillery bombardment and shock troops to exploit weak points, helping to return an element of surprise to the attack.
Is it getting hot in here?
The Imperial German Army deployed flamethrowers (Flammenwerfer) on the Western Front attempting to flush out French or British soldiers from their trenches. it was used with the greatest effect during the Hooge battle of the Western Front on 30 July 1915.
What was one effect that the war had on everyone?
As many as 8.5 million soldiers and some 13 million civilians died during World War I. On top of that the mass movement of soldiers and refugees helped spread one of the world’s deadliest influenza pandemics, also called the Spanish flu.
Who is Gavrilo Princip?
Gavrilo Princip was a teenage Serbian militant who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This was known as the opening shot of WW1. Gavrilo spent all of WW1 in prison and died of tuberculosis in 1918.
Tanks
The concept of tanks was introduced as early as the 1890s. Authorities had no interest in them until the trench statement of World War 1. Tanks' first appearance was scary the early tanks proved unreliable. Often breaking down.
BATTLE OF JUTLAND
The Battle of Jutland (31 May - 1 June 1916) was the largest naval battle of the First World War. It was the only time that the British and German fleets of 'dreadnought' battleships actually came to blows. Jutland was a confused and bloody action involving 250 ships and around 100,000 men. Initial encounters between Beatty’s force and the German High Seas Fleet resulted in the loss of several ships. Although the Battle of Jutland failed to achieve the decisive victory each side hoped for, the Battle of Jutland confirmed British naval dominance and secured its control of shipping lanes, allowing Britain to implement the blockade that would contribute to Germany’s eventual defeat in 1918.
McLovin?
Many young men faked their age in order to sign up early. The youngest to do so was Sidney Lewis, who was only 12 years old at the time.