Alliances
Who were the central powers?
Germany and Austria-Hungary were joined by Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria.
Why was Nationalism a main cause for WWI?
It became an area of conflict because people wanted to be independent within their culture and languages.
How was the last battle before the armistice called?
The Battle of Amiens
When did world war I started?
World war I started in 1914
When did war end?
Ended November 11, 1918.
Who were the allies?
Britain(main)
France(main)
Russia(main)
Greece
Portugal
Romania
Serbia
Italy
Japan
Northern Africa
Morocco
Algeria
Libya
Egypt
United States (main)
What does Imperialism have to do with WWI?
Because Germany thought that it was unfair that it seemed that Britain and France were taking over huge sections of the Earth by force.
Why did the unrestricted submarine warfare affect the US neutrality?
German U-boat torpedoed Lusitania in May 1915.
Sunk in 18 minutes
2,000 on board, 1200 died including 128 Americans
What was the Schlieffen plan?
Germans race to Western front 1st. their Goals were:
After defeating France, concentrate on the Eastern w/ Russia
Avoid fighting a two front war
Germany made vast encircling movement through Belgium (brought Great Britain into war) to enter France.
How did the people called this war?
The called it "The Great War".
Which countries made up the Triple alliance in 1882?
Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance.
There was a race for creating more weapons of mass destruction among nations ( ARMS race). There was also a desire to create a large number of weapons as well as building up a nation’s army and navy. Which cause does this represent?
Militarism.
What was the Rape of Belgium?
Belgium declared neutrality declared through the Treaty of London in 1839
Germany need to pass through Belgium to get to France.
17,100 died during explosion, deportation, imprisonment, or death sentence.
3,000 civilians died due to electric fences the German Army put up to prevent civilians from fleeing the country.
Women were repeatedly raped.
German army burned down the University Library (300,000 books burned down)
Germany did not respect Belgium's neutrality and destroyed it when passing it.
Why did the Schlieffen plan fail?
The plan relied upon rapid movement. The resistance of the Belgians and the British prevented this.
Russia mobilized its troops quicker than expected. Within ten days the Russians had invaded Germany, which meant that the Germans had to switch troops away from western Europe to hold up the Russian invasion.
Hoe did the Americans called the german people and communities?
German “Hun”: American artists frequently caricatured the German enemy as a bloodthirsty, barbaric, “Hun”, a stereotype that played into American fears and aroused sympathy for the Allied troops and civilians
Who was part of the Triple entente?
France, Russia and Britain formed the Triple Entente.
Who was responsible for the "spark" of WWI?
Gavrilo Princip assassinated Franz Ferdinand.
How many Belgians died in the rape of Belgium?
23,700 Belgians killed.
What was the Zimmerman note?
Telegram stated Germany would again begin unrestricted submarine warfare.
Even worse, telegram proposed alliance between Germany and Mexico.
Germany promises to help Mexico get back land.
What was the domino effect?
Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia.
Germany pledged their support for Austria-Hungary
Russia pledged their support for Serbia.
Germany declares war on Russia.
France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France. “The Rape of Belgium”
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany
Italy.
How was Franz Ferdinand the wrong guy?
They killed the one guy that could prevent war with Russia. Because he is now dead, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
Which battle was called "the human slaughterhouse"? and why?
The battle of Verdun, 1916. For 10 months, the armies threw firepower at each other. Momentum swung back and forth the result: Germans called off the attack. They had inflicted 370,000 casualties while suffering nearly the same number themselves, all for a gain of about three miles. France counted this as a victory.
Who were the big three? and were they important?
Georges Clemenceau (France)
Woodrow Wilson (U.S.)
David Lloyd George (Britain)
Although there were delegates from 39 nations at the conference, the important decisions were made by the leaders of the three strongest Allied powers: the US, Britain, and France.
What does BRAT stand for?
The blame, the reparations, army and territory. Germany was forced to pay reparations, was forbidden a big army, lost territory and had all the blame for the destruction of Europe.