Strategy & Battles
This major problem was faced by Germany at the start of World War I, requiring them to fight France and Russia simultaneously.
What is a "two-front war"?
The main belief of military leaders under the "Cult of the Offensive" was that this always beats defending.
What is "attacking"?
A document, like a diary or poem, created at the time of an event, is the definition of this kind of source.
What is a primary source?
The Socialist Argument believed working men would be forced to slaughter each other for the profits of these two groups.
What are the rich and kings/rulers?
This was the empty, dangerous stretch of land between the two enemy front-line trenches.
What is No Man's Land?
This battle was a major French counterattack that stopped the Germans' advance and ruined the Schlieffen Plan.
What is The Battle of the Marne?
This intense loyalty to one's country was the main driving force that created excitement and enthusiasm for the war in the summer of 1914.
What is nationalism?
True or False: A textbook written a decade after the historical events occurred is an example of a primary source.
What is false?
German anti-war activist Karl Liebknecht famously argued that the true enemy of the working class was located here.
Where is "in your own country"?
This was the trench closest to the enemy, where soldiers would fire and defend against assaults.
What is the "Front Line"?
The Schlieffen Plan was designed to defeat this country quickly in the first six weeks of the war.
What is France?
The unexpected result from new, powerful weapons like machine guns and artillery was that they helped these people more than attackers.
Who are the defenders?
Austrian writer Stefan Zweig noted that the rush of excitement caused people to forget their differences in class and rank, creating a feeling of this (brotherhood).
What is Community or "communitas"?
This argument against the war stated that "War is the ultimate expression of a violent masculinity."
What is "The Feminist Argument"?
After the first four months of fighting, soldiers needed ground cover because new weapons were so effective that they needed to dig these to survive.
What are trenches?
Germany's invasion of Belgium forced this country to join the war immediately, leading to the failure of the Schlieffen Plan.
What is Great Britain?
In the poem "The Soldier," the English author says that the piece of foreign land where he falls will be "for ever" this.
What is England (or the English)?
This British philosopher considered the war a disaster for civilization caused by the stupid belief that "our nation is better than theirs."
Who is Bertrand Russell?
This argument believed the war was a disaster for civilization caused by the stupid belief that "our nation is better than theirs" (nationalism).
What is the "Pacifist" argument?
This part of the trench system was a wall of sandbags and wood designed to give troops cover from enemy fire.
What is a parapet?
General Alfred von Schlieffen created Germany's core war strategy in this year.
What is 1905?
The central message of the famous British recruitment poster featuring Lord Kitchener was that your country needed you to join this.
What is the army (or the military)?
Many anti-war figures believed Europe’s spiritual unity and common heritage of this was being destroyed by the conflict.
What is Christian Civilization?
This French leader put forward the Socialist Argument against the war.
Who is Jean Jaurés?
These two modern weapons contributed most to the devastating firepower that created the Trench Stalemate.
What are Artillery & Machine Guns?