Vocabulary
These were councils composed of representatives from Russian workers and soldiers that represented radical interests.
Soviets
This person was a close confidant of the Tsar's wife, Alexandra. He represented corruption and undue influence within the Tsar’s inner circle.
Rasputin
This three-word slogan was used by the Bolsheviks to gain support from hungry and war-weary Russians.
Peace, Land, Bread
Name two empires that existed in 1914, but had fallen by the time WWI ended.
Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire
This international organization was created after the war with the primary goal of resolving future global disputes
League of Nations
A truce or an agreement to stop fighting, such as the one signed on November 11, 1918
Armistice
This U.S. President proposed the "Fourteen Points" as a basis for a truly just and lasting peace settlement
Woodrow Wilson
These were councils composed of representatives from Russian workers and soldiers that represented radical interests
On August 8, 1918, this German general realized his final military gamble had failed and there was no hope for victory
Erich Ludendorff
Known as Article 231, this specific part of the Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to accept total blame for starting the war
War Guilt Clause
Financial payments a defeated nation is forced to make to the victors to cover the costs of a war
Reparations
He was the leader of the Bolshevik faction of the Marxist party who seized power in Russia
V.I. Lenin
This city was the site of mass strikes and marches led by working-class women over bread rationing in March 1917.
Petrograd
What group of people led the mutiny in Germany that led to protests and Kaiser Wilhelm II's eventual abdication?
Soldiers
As part of the peace settlement, Germany was forced to return this territory to France
Alsace-Lorraine
This Bolshevik policy ensured regular supplies for the Red Army by giving the government control of banks, industries, and peasant grain
War communism
He was the French Premier at the Paris Peace Conference whose primary motive was national security and revenge against Germany
Georges Clemenceau
Under the leadership of V.I. Lenin, this specific faction of the Marxist party seized power in 1917
This is the specific date in 1918 when the new German government signed a truce to end the fighting.
November 11, 1918
Name four mandates that existed after the Treaty of Versailles in Southwest Asia.
Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Transjordan/ Jordan
Under this system, a nation officially governed another territory on behalf of the League of Nations but did not technically own it
The Mandate System
He was the head of the Petrograd soviet and a organizational genius who helped the Bolsheviks seize power and win the Civil War
To end Russia's involvement in the war, Lenin signed this humiliating treaty with Germany, giving up a massive amount of territory
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
This was the major 1918 battle where 140,000 fresh American troops helped break the German advance
Name four new European countries that came into being after WWI.
Austria, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Finland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania