Chemistry 1
A reaction that combines into a new substance is what kind of chemical reaction?
synthesis/combination reaction
the periodic table is organized by increasing _______, aka number of protons
atomic number
scientist who developed the Atomic Theory that we still use today
Dalton
the general rule that atoms prefer to have a full valence shell of 8 electrons
octet rule
As you go down a group, atomic radius ___?____ because there are more ___?____.
a) decreases; occupied energy levels
b) decreases; protons
c) increases; occupied energy levels
d) increases; protons
c. increases, occupied energy levels
covalent
What is the word formula for KI?
Potassium Iodide
What type of reaction is this:
A + B ----> AB
a) double replacement
b) decomposition
c) synthesis
d) single replacement
Synthesis.
Electrons located in the outermost energy level of an atom are called
valence electrons
boiling water, melting ice cream, and shredding paper are all examples of ____?____ changes.
physical
What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide
CO2
What is the chemical formula for Magnesium Chloride?
MgCl2
The elements can be found in the far right group of the periodic table (group 18)
noble gases
On the periodic table, elements in _______ typically have similar chemical and physical properties.
a) trends
b) blocks
c) periods
d) groups
groups
Combustion reactions always produce all of these EXCEPT
Carbon dioxide
Water
Heat
Oxygen
4. oxygen
The basic building block of chemistry. It is the smallest unit
Atoms
When one chemical changes its state of matter, the change is called
What is Physical Change
What is the proper name for this formula: AlF3
Aluminum fluoride
What is the number of protons in an atom of Beryllium?
4 protons
Double replacement reactions occur when the _____ or _____ ions of two ionic compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.
a) Polyatomic, molecular
b) Type I and Type II
c) Monatomic, diatomic
d) Positive, negative
d) positive and negative
Group 17 elements are called:
halogens
What is the proper formula for this compound: copper (II) iodide
CuI2
Which are definite signs of a chemical reaction taking place?
a. change of state
b. different color
c. precipitate formation
d. gas formation
e. change in volume
c. and d.
Name the scientist who created the periodic table of elements.
Mendeleev
What factors influence atomic radius size?
nuclear charge/number of protons and number of shells/distance between nucleus and valence electrons
Explain the difference between mass number and average atomic mass: 1 minute 30 seconds
mass number = individual atoms, sum of protons and neutrons
avg atomic mass = sum of all masses of different isotopes by abundance
Name the 7 diatomic gases
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, Oxygen, Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine
What are 3 things a Lewis Diagram can show us that a regular molecular formula cannot? Think of a water molecule.
1. arrangement of atoms
2. types of bonds (single, double, triple)
3. valence electrons/lone pairs
4. molecular geometry/shape
Explain ionization energy: 1 minute
Energy required to remove an electron from the outermost shell of an atom. Increases as more electrons are taken.
Name 4 types of chemical Reactions
Decomposition, synthesis, single replacement, double replacement, combustion