Building Blocks
This is the name of the subatomic particle that carries a negative charge and orbits the nucleus of an atom.
What is an electron?
This is the name given to the vertical columns of the periodic table, whose elements share similar chemical properties.
What are groups?
This is the term for a chemical reaction that releases energy to the surroundings in the form of heat, causing the temperature of the surroundings to increase.
What is an exothermic reaction?
This is the name of the scale used to measure how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 to 14.
What is the pH scale?
This is the name of the bond formed when two nonmetal atoms share a pair of electrons between them.
What is a covalent bond?
This is the name of the scientist who proposed the nuclear model of the atom after conducting the gold foil experiment in 1909.
Who is Ernest Rutherford?
This is the name of the group of elements on the far right of the periodic table that are largely unreactive due to their full outer electron shells.
What are the noble gases?
This is the name of the law stating that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, meaning the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
This is the name of the reaction that occurs when an acid and a base are combined, producing a salt and water.
What is a neutralisation reaction?
This is the name of the type of bonding that occurs between a metal and a nonmetal, involving the transfer of electrons to form oppositely charged ions.
What is ionic bonding?
This is the term used to describe atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus.
What are isotopes?
This is the term describing the general trend across a period of the periodic table where atomic radius decreases as you move from left to right.
What is the trend of decreasing atomic radius across a period?
This is the name of the type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
What is a decomposition reaction?
This is the name of the theory that defines an acid as a proton donor and a base as a proton acceptor, expanding on the earlier Arrhenius definition.
What is the Brønsted-Lowry theory?
This is the name of the force of attraction between molecules that explains why water has a much higher boiling point than expected for its molecular size.
What are hydrogen bonds?
This is the name of the quantum mechanical model that describes the region of space where an electron is most likely to be found around a nucleus.
What is an orbital?
This is the name of the property that increases down a group and decreases across a period, describing how easily an atom loses an electron to form a positive ion.
What is metallic character or ionisation energy (both accepted)?
This is the term for the minimum amount of energy required for reactants to collide successfully and form products in a chemical reaction.
What is activation energy?
This is the term for an acid that only partially dissociates in water, giving it a higher pH than a strong acid of the same concentration, with acetic acid being a common example.
What is a weak acid?
This is the term for a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally between two atoms due to a difference in electronegativity, giving the molecule a partial positive and partial negative end.
What is a polar covalent bond?
This is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the identity of the element and its position on the periodic table.
What is the atomic number?
This is the name given to elements in Group 17 of the periodic table.
What are the halogens?
This is the name of the reaction type in which electrons are transferred between species.
What is a redox reaction?
This is the name of the indicator naturally found in red cabbage that changes colour across the full pH range.
What is red cabbage indicator?
This is the name of the model used to predict the shape of simple molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs around a central atom.
What is VSEPR theory?