Bonding
This type of bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal.
What is ionic bonding?
This method involves using the charges of ions to determine the chemical formula of an ionic compound.
What is the criss-cross method?
This term refers to the small numbers in chemical formulae that indicate how many atoms of each element are present in the substance.
What are subscripts?
These reactions absorb more energy than they release.
What are endothermic reactions?
These four factors can all influence how fast a chemical reaction occurs.
What are concentration, surface area, temperature and the presence of a catalyst?
This type of bonding occurs between two non-metals
With the formula CuCl2, this compound turns flames bright green.
What is copper chloride?
This term refers to the large numbers to the left of chemical formulae that indicate how many molecules of each substance are present in an equation.
What are coefficients?
This term refers to the energy required to break bonds, and therefore make the reaction happen.
What is the activation energy?
This term refers to anything that can be added to make a chemical reaction happen faster.
What is a catalyst?
This term refers to electrons which can freely move around in a metal due to metallic bonding.
What are delocalised electrons?
What is NH3?
The unbalanced version of this equation is
H2 + O2 —> H2O
What is
2 H2 + O2 —> 2 H2O ?
This endothermic reaction involving light is important for plants to make their own food to grow.
What is photosynthesis?
When this factor increases, the rate of reaction also increases, because more particles are exposed to the outside and can therefore participate in the reaction.
What is surface area?
This rule states that all atoms (except for hydrogen) must have eight electrons in their valence shell to be stable.
What is the octet rule?
This formula refers to the compound aluminium oxide, a white powder with a range of applications in material chemistry.
What is Al2O3?
The unbalanced version of this equation is
S8 + O2 —> SO3
What is
S8 + 12 O2 —> 8 SO3 ?
This exothermic reaction can be summarised by the simplified equation
4 Fe + 3 O2 —> 2 Fe2O3.
What is rusting (or corrosion)?
When this factor increases, the rate of reaction also increases, as an increase in the thermal energy of the particles means they can collide with each other more frequently, and with enough energy to break their original bonds.
What is temperature?
These are a group of seven elements, most of them gases, that appear in nature as a pair of covalently bonded atoms, e.g. H2 and O2, rather than on their own (e.g. H and O).
What are the diatomic elements?
This formula refers to the compound ammonium carbonate, which can be used as a smelling salt.
What is (NH4)2CO3?
The unbalanced version of this equation is
P4O10 + H2O —> H3PO4
What is
P4O10 + 6 H2O —> 4 H3PO4 ?
This value refers to the difference in energy between the start and end of a reaction. In endothermic reactions, this value is positive, while in exothermic reactions, this value is negative.
What is ∆H?
This theory explains the three conditions that must be met for a successful reaction to occur: 1) reactants must collide 2) with the right orientation and 3) with enough energy to break their original bonds.
What is collision theory?