Layers of Earth
What is the Earth's outermost layer called?
What is the crust?
Who proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912?
Who is Alfred Wegener?
What are the large pieces of Earth's lithosphere called that move over the mantle?
What are tectonic plates?
Name the mountain range formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.
What are the Himalayas?
What is the first step in the scientific method?
What is making an observation (or asking a question)?
Which layer of the Earth is liquid and responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field?
What is the outer core?
What is the supercontinent called that existed before the continents drifted apart?
What is Pangaea?
At what type of plate boundary do two plates move away from each other?
What is a divergent boundary?
What is the term for a crack or fracture in the Earth's crust where movement occurs?
What is a fault?
What is the name given to the variable that a scientist changes in an experiment?
What is the independent variable?
What is the thick, solid layer beneath the crust that makes up most of the Earth's volume?
What is the mantle?
Which type of evidence did Wegener use to support continental drift, involving the matching shapes of continents?
What is the jigsaw puzzle fit of continental coastlines?
What do we call the process where one tectonic plate sinks beneath another at a convergent boundary?
What is subduction?
What is a volcano?
What is an opening in Earth's surface through which magma, ash, and gases erupt?
Which experiment is the one that you measure in an experiment?
Dependent
Which layer of Earth is composed primarily of iron and nickel and is solid due to intense pressure?
What is the inner core?
How do fossils support the theory of continental drift?
The same fossil can be found on different continents.
Which type of crust must be involved in order for a subduction zone to form?
What is the name of the ocean trench formed by subducting tectonic plates, such as the one near Japan?
What is a deep-sea trench (or specifically, the Mariana Trench, if named)?
How many independent variables should an experiment have?
ONE
What is the name of the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle?
What is the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho)?
Why was Wegener's theory of continental drift initially rejected by many scientists?
Because he could not explain the mechanism that caused the continents to move.
What is the name of the geological feature where new oceanic crust is formed due to plate divergence?
What is the mid-ocean ridge?
What natural feature is created by sediment deposited at the mouth of a river?
What is a delta?
Define all three: accuracy, validity and reliability
accuracy = how close to true value
validity = how well it was tested
reliability = how easily the results can be reproduced