Economics Indicators
This measures the total value of goods and services produced in a country each year.
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
Money collected by governments from individuals and businesses.
Taxation
The variety of plants and animals in an ecosystem.
Biodiversity
This index measures development using education, life expectancy and income.
Human Development Index (HDI)
A person who flees their country because of war, violence or persecution.
Refugee
Name one Australian city with a population of over 5 million people.
Sydney or Melbourne
This occurs when the general price level of goods and services rises over time.
Inflation
Money spent by governments on schools, hospitals and roads.
Government Spending
The breaking up of large habitats into smaller isolated pieces.
Habitat Fragmentation
The overall quality of life experienced by people.
Wellbeing
A person forced to leave home but who remains within their own country.
Internally Displaced Person (IDP)
These are goods and services sold by Australia to other countries.
Exports
This measures how much output is produced per worker or per hour worked.
Productivity
Rules made by governments to protect people and the environment.
Regulations
Benefits humans receive from ecosystems, such as pollination and water filtration.
Ecological Services
Areas with high population density and many buildings.
Urban Areas
A lack of sufficient resources to meet basic needs.
Poverty
Name one major environmental change affecting Australia today and explain one impact.
This percentage measures people who are willing and able to work but cannot find a job.
Unemployment
Australia is an example of this type of economy that combines private enterprise and government involvement.
Mixed Market Economy
Changes that occur at the boundary of a habitat fragment.
Edge Effect
Areas far from major towns and services.
Remote Areas
This can reduce wellbeing through displacement, death, and destruction.
Conflict
How environmental change can affect human wellbeing and standards of living.
Environmental change can reduce access to clean water, food, and safe housing. It can damage ecosystems, increase natural disasters, and affect people's health and income. This lowers wellbeing and standards of living.
This curve shows the distribution of income within a country.
Lorenz Curve
An effect of an activity that impacts others who were not directly involved.
Externality
It measures the amount of biologically productive land and water required to support human consumption and absorb waste, reflecting our impact on the planet.
Ecological Footprint
The three components used to calculate HDI.
Education, Life Expectancy and Income
Two ways conflict can increase poverty.
The difference between refugee and an internally displaced person (IDP).