Philosophers
Wrote Natural Moral Law
Thomas Aquinas
Greatest happiness for the greatest number
Utilitarianism
Ethical choices are the same for all people at all times. Absolute fact.
Objective
What are the key teachings for Natural Moral Law?
5 precepts - Education, reproduction, protection, live in society, worship God
Theory that says love God and love your neighbour
Mutual Love Ethic
Wrote Categorical Imperative
Immanuel Kant
Do good. Avoid evil
Natural Moral Law
Ethics is personal and changes according to the person or the situation. Flexible and relative
Subjective
What are the key teachings for the Categorical Imperative
3 Maxims - universal, people must not be treated as a means to an end, people should live in a kingdom of ends
Theory that says you should try to make the majority of people happy
Utilitarianism
Wrote Utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham
Humans are driven by selfishness
Egoism
Seeking after happiness
Hedonism
What are the key teachings for teleology?
Moral decision are based on consequences
Theory that says using reason you should test your duty by asking if it can be made universal
Categorical imperative
Wrote Egoism
Ayn Rand
Do your duty
Categorical imperative
The type of unconditional love God has for us
Agape
The Bible says this is the standard of all goodness
God
Theory that suggests you can make your own essence by being your 'authentic self'
Existentialism
Wrote Existentialism
Jean-Paul Sartre
Existence precedes essence
Existentialism
A system of moral principles by which human actions, speech and thought may be judged right or wrong
Ethics
What are the key teachings for the Divine Command Theory?
If God tells you to do something, you should obey.
Theory that says God made the perfect idea of you before you were born and your purpose is to follow the 5 precepts to live up to this idea
Natural Moral Law