Mitosis
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
Growth, repair, replacement
How many daughter cells are produced after meiosis?
4 daughter cells
What is a phenotype?
Observable physical traits
What do Punnett Squares help predict?
The probability of offspring genotypes and phenotypes
What is an independent variable?
The thing you change
How many daughter cells are produced after one round of mitosis?
2 daughter cells
What is the chromosome number in human gametes after meiosis?
23 chromosomes (haploid)
What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism
What do the letters on the top and side of a Punnett Square represent?
The genotypes of the parents
What is the dependent variable
The thing you measure
Name the phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle.
Metaphase
What is "crossing over"?
Exchange of genetic material provided by mother and father
If ‘B’ stands for brown eyes (dominant) and ‘b’ stands for blue eyes (recessive), what is the genotype for a person with blue eyes?
bb
If two parents are homozygous for a given trait, what is the chance the offspring will be heterozygous for the trait?
0%
What is a controlled variable?
The things you keep the same
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes separate?
Anaphase
What is the importance of genetic variation in meiosis?
It increases diversity, improving the survival chance of a species
What is an example of a heterozygous genotype for brown eyes?
Bb
In a cross between Bb and Bb, what percentage of offspring will be BB?
25%
What is a hypothesis?
A testable statement
What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?
Mitosis divides the nucleus, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm
Name one main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II.
meiosis I: the cells become haploid
meiosis II: the haploid cells duplicate
True or False: Two parents with brown eyes (dominant) can produce a child with blue eyes (recessive).
True
In a cross between Aa and aa, what percentage of offspring will be heterozygous (Aa)?
50%
Why is it important to only have ONE independent variable?