PHYSICS
What is Newton's first law?
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, so chemical equations need to always be balanced
What is a species?
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Name the two main parts of the central nervous system.
Brain and spinal cord
Which famous scientist created the theory of relativity?
Albert Einstein
A teacher pushes two trolleys — one empty and one full of books — with the same force. Which one accelerates more and why?
The empty trolley accelerates more because it has less mass, so the same force produces a greater acceleration.
What are the products of a neutralisation reaction?
Salt and water
Which kind of adaptation is hibernation?
Physiological
What is prevalence?
The proportion of a population with a disorder at a given time.
What is the smallest country in the world
Vatican City
A soccer ball sits still on the grass until a player kicks it. Explain why it doesn’t move until the player applies a force.
Because of inertia — an object will stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Identify a way to increase the rate of a chemical reaction
Catalyst, surface area, increased reactants, increase temperature
What are the four steps of natural selection?
Variation, Selection pressure, Selective pressure, Heritability
Describe one difference between REM and NREM sleep.
REM = dreaming, brain active.
NREM = deep physical restoration.
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
A student is pushing a trolley down the hallway. Explain the difference between the distance it travels and its displacement.
Distance = total path travelled; displacement = straight-line movement from starting point to end point.
What is the name for an insoluble compound that is formed when two aqueous solutions combine
Precipitate
What is gene flow, and how does it affect genetic diversity?
Movement of genes within a population, it increases genetic diversity
Psychologist vs psychiatrist — what is the main difference?
Psychiatrists are medical doctors who can prescribe medication; psychologists cannot.
What is an endothermic animal?
An animal which regulates its own body temperature
Give an example of Newton's Third Law
Correct example
How do catalysts increase the rate of reaction?
By lowering the activation energy
What kind of adaptation is a group of penguins huddling together for warmth?
Behavioural
State two factors that can increase the risk of developing an anxiety disorder in teens.
Family history, chronic stress, trauma, poor sleep, social pressure, school stress, hormonal changes.
What is the name for the pigment that makes plants green?
Chlorophyll