Anatomy
The two bones in the lower leg.
Fibula and tibia.
Force = mass x acceleration is the equation that describes which of Newton's Laws of Motion?
Newton's Second Law.
Axis/fulcrum, effort, resistance/load.
The two types of motivation, and which type you're better relying on for long-term performance.
Intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic is best to rely on.
The difference between mental rehearsal and visualisation.
Mental rehearsal encompasses the whole performance, visualisation creates a mental picture of just one aspect of a performance or skill.
The main two-headed muscle in your calf.
Gastrocnemius.
Name an opposing force that will affect the path of a projectile.
Gravity, air resistance, friction.
The location of your centre of gravity at anatomical rest.
Pelvic area.
Two sports that generally require low arousal.
Examples include: golf, darts, archery, snooker/billiards (any sport that requires high precision or has many/complex cues).
The difference between trait and state anxiety.
Trait anxiety is an athlete's general disposition, state anxiety is brought on by situation or circumstance (such as performance).
A bone that is distal to your radius.
Carpals, metacarpals, or phalanges.
Describe inertia.
Inertia is the resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion.
Flexion at the knee is a ________ class lever.
3rd class lever.
The inverted-U graph for: single-rep deadlift, batting in baseball, 100m sprint.
Correct graphs meet all of the following:
- Y-axis labelled 'performance', X-axis labelled 'arousal'.
- In order from low to high arousal: batting in baseball, 100m sprint, single-rep deadlift (OPTIMAL AROUSAL INCREASES AS TASKS DECREASE IN COMPLEXITY).
- All curves the same height.
The names of the two types of state anxiety.
Somatic and cognitive.
The main muscle action involved in the lifting component of a lateral dumbbell raise.
Abduction.
Newton's Third Law of Motion.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
One way to increase your stability.
- Increase your mass,
- Lower you centre of gravity,
- Increase your base of support area, OR
- Reposition your line of centre of gravity so that it falls within your base of support.
Two methods to reduce over-arousal.
- Mental rehearsal or visualisation,
- Progressive relaxation,
- Meditation,
- Biofeedback, AND/OR
- Hypnosis.
There are several guidelines for successful mental rehearsal. Name one.
• Try to mentally rehearse in the environment in which performance will occur.
• Mentally rehearse the total performance and/or the sections that are particularly difficult.
• The mental rehearsal should end with an image of achieving the goal.
• For focus, mental rehearsal should occur immediately before performance.
• The imagery should occur at the same rate as they would in a real performance.
• Includes imagining how the muscles will feel as the mental task is being performed
The names of the anatomical references positions that mean: towards and away from the midline, 'front' and 'back' (4 answers total).
Lateral, medial, anterior, posterior.
Newton's First Law of Motion.
Objects will stay at rest or in constant motion unless another force acts upon them.
An example of a 2nd class lever in the body.
Dorsi/plantar flexion (toes are the fulcrum, body weight is the load, calf muscles are the effort).
Two signs that an athlete is lacking in motivation when preparing for an upcoming competition.
- Not going to training or consistently arriving late.
- Lower effort during training.
3 reasons why mental rehearsal is beneficial for an athlete.
• practise old skills
• learn new skills
• experience success
• train in any conditions
• concentrate and refocus
• prepare for training or competition
• find motivation
• gain confidence
• develop coping strategies
• control anxiety and arousal