Cells as the Basis of Life
Technology used to magnify specimens so that cells can be studied.
Microscope
Organisms made up of only one cell.
unicellular
The study of fossils.
Paleontology
The factor a scientist deliberately changes to see if it has an effect on another variable.
independent variable
Which is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
DAILY DOUBLE
A cell with no membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryote
Openings on the surface of a leaf that allow water loss by transpiration and gas exchange
Stomata
The non-living factors of the environment that affect the distribution and abundance of organisms e.g. availability of water & oxygen, light intensity, temperature.
Abiotic factors
What is the difference between reliability and validity?
reliability - repeating of experiment to gather consistent results
Validity - refers to hypothesis and controls variables
Does sound travel faster in the air or in water?
Water
Organelle involved in storage and removing wastes
Vacuole
Blood vessel with a thick, muscular wall that transports blood at high pressure away from the heart.
Artery
The mechanism that allows biological evolution whereby the environment determines who survives and who dies.
Natural selection
A prediction that can be tested by a scientific investigation.
hypothesis
T or F: Electrons are smaller than atoms.
True
What is the difference between active and passive transport and provide an example of each.
Active requires energy, Passive does not
Active - phagocytosis, pinocytosis
Passive - osmosis, diffusion
1. Blood loses oxygen and gains carbon dioxide
2. Blood loses nutrients e.g. glucose
When totally different organisms live in the same kind of environment and undergo similar selection pressures, they may come to resemble each other even though not closely related at all.
Convergent evolution
The type of graph used to display two sets of numerical data
Line graph
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the second largest bone in the human body?
Tibia (shinbone)
The process where an enzyme unravels and permanently changes shape due to extremely high temperature.
Denaturing
Small openings along an insect that allow air to enter the body.
Spiracles
Model that proposes many species remain the same for millions of years, then, in response to some change in the environment, the species can undergo a rapid burst of changes over a very short period of time.
Punctuated equilibrium
The pattern in the data or relationship between two variables.
trend
What is the largest organ in the human body?
The skin