Communism
Who are the class enemies of the proletariat?
The bourgeoisie (middle/capitalist class)
During the Batista regime, why did Havana become known as 'Latin Las Vegas'?
Under Batista, Cuba became profitable for American business and organized crime. Havana became a hub for wealthy gamblers.
What was Operation Mongoose?
A covert program of sabotage in Cuba carried out by the CIA
Who were the Okhrana?
The Tsar’s secret police who were involved in surveillance of suspected enemies of tsarism
What problem did the Tsarina's German background cause during WW1?
As she exerted more influence politically after the Tsar went to the front, conspiracy theories spread about her favouring pro-German policy and her loyalty was questioned.
What is the main difference between socialism and communism?
Socialism prioritises democracy, whereas communism depends on an authoritarian state.
Why were the rebels called the '26 of July Movement'?
The Cuban Revolution began with the Moncada Barracks attack on July 26, 1953.
Why did Castro seek military aid from the USSR?
After the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion, Castro feared that the US may attempt another invasion of Cuba
What was the main grievance of Russia's middle class?
Lack of political representation and civil liberties
Name one 1914 battle in which Russia suffered significant defeat.
Tannenburg, Masurian Lakes
In the pathway to a communist society, which phase does Marxist-Leninism skip?
The capitalist phase, where industrialisation occurs and the working class develops class consciousness
What was significant about the Battle of Jigue?
It resulted in the commanding officer of the besieged battalion, Major José Quevedo, defecting to the rebel side.
When did Fidel Castro declare the socialist nature of the Cuban Revolution?
April 16, 1961
Identify one aspect of Witte's industrialisation plan.
1) Protective tariffs on foreign goods; 2) attraction of foreign capital; 3) currency placed on Gold Standard; 4) squeezing resources from peasants/workers (i.e. low wages, high taxes)
On which date did Tsar Nicholas II abdicate?
March 2, 1918
What did Lenin mean by 'the vanguard of the proletariat'?
That the revolution would be led by the party, composed of the most conscious and disciplined workers. They would overthrow capitalism and establish a communist state on behalf of the working class.
What was the name of Castro's newspaper?
El Cubano Libre (The Free Cuban)
What was La Coubre?
The French freighter delivering rifles and grenades from Belgium to Cuba that blew up in Havana Harbour
How many Dumas were there between 1905 and 1917?
Four
Who did Tsar Nicholas replace as Commander-in-Chief of the Russian armed forces?
Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich
What was the name of Lenin's 1902 pamphlet that became ‘the founding text of international Leninism'?
What is to be Done?
What was the INRA?
The Institute of Agrarian Reform
Which Soviet politician signed the trade agreement with Castro in Feb 1960?
Soviet First Deputy Prime Minister Anastas Mikoyan
Who was George Plekhanov?
Father of Russian Marxism, first person to translate Marx’s teachings into Russian, founder of the Social Democratic Workers’ Party in 1898
What was the Progressive Bloc?
A group within the Duma made up of 236 of the 422 duma deputies of the Kadets, the Octobrists, the Nationalists and the Party of Progressive Industrialists.