Muscles
Identify the type of contraction when there is no change in muscle length
Isometric
A hinge joint allows what 2 types of movement?
Flexion and extension
Tough bands of tissue that attach bone to bone are called:
Ligaments
What does PRICER stand for
Protect, Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate, Referral
Identify the two circuits that create the cardiovascular system
Pulmonary and Systemic
Provide 3 characteristics of slow twitch fibres
Any of: Red, High capillary density, Small size, Low force, Slow seep, High fatigue resistance
What is the anatomical term where a body part is further away from the trunk of the body
Distal
Strong flexible tissue that covers the surface of bones so they don't move against each other is called:
Cartilage
What does No HARM stand for:
No: Heat, Alcohol, Running, Massage
Diffusion takes place at these blood vessles:
Capillaries
As the required force increases, the size and number of motor units increase. This is know as:
Motor Unit Recruitment or Size Principle
This joint action combines flexion, extension, abduction and adduction where the movement is circular.
Circumduction
Ribs, scapular, sternum and skull are all which type of bone?
Flat
What does RAMP stand for?
Raise, Activate, Mobilise, Potentiate
Give 3 characteristics of veins:
Toward the heart
Low pressure
De-oxygenated
Thin walls
Bundles of muscle fibres are called:
Fascicles
The sagittal plane allows movement around which axis?
Transverse axis
From superior to inferior, list the 5 sections of the vertebral column, including the number of vertebrae in each one:
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacrum
4 coccyx
Resistance training results in hypertrophy. What is hypertrophy?
An increase in size of the muscle
What is the formula that helps to understand acute responses to exercise.
Q = SV x HR
What is the key benefit of a 3rd class lever in sport?
Increase in angular speed
When an athletes knee extends beyond the normal range of motion, this is called
Hyperextension
List the 6 types of synovial joints. Provide an example for each.
Pivot: neck
Gliding: carpals/tarsals
B&S: shoulder/hip
Hinge: elbow/knee
Saddle: thumb
Condyloid: wrist
Outline the difference between the 2 types of stretching. Which one is best for a warm-up?
Static - stretching slowly to the point of discomfort
Dynamic - the gradual movement of one body position to another (best for warm-up)
What are the 4 components of blood and what are their functions?
RBCs: Carry O2
WBCs: Fight infection
Platelets: Blood clotting
Plasma: Trasport nutrients, maintain body temp