The big stuff. You know... 'fundamentals'.
What is a 'contention'?
The author's ultimate purpose - what they are trying to convince you of. Overall argument.
Name the technique: "We might not like it, but it is the right of our kids"
Inclusive Language
Describe the tone and its effect: "I never thought I’d have to stand here today and say this, but you’ve let us down when we needed you most."
The author is discouraged or disappointed. The reader is left to feel as if they have failed in the eyes of the author.
Name the technique: "Closely connected conjunctions is bad writing"
Alliteration
What is the purpose of exclusive language?
To deliberately ostracize a certain group - creating a 'us' vs 'them' argument.
What, How, Why
Name the technique: “…as dumb as a sack of hammers…”
Simile
Describe the tone and its impact on the reader: Forthright.
'Getting straight to the point'. Avoids needless detail, meaning the reader does not miss subtleties.
Name the technique: A new report released by Victorian teachers has claimed that one hundred percent of Year 12 students..."
Evidence or Expert Opinion
Ethos
What is the purpose of hyperbole?
To exaggerate, and therefore and put an argument in perspective. Can also be used to reinforce the importance of a point.
Name three possible text types that you possibly come up in section c:
Opinion article, editorial, speech, letter, address, blog, transcript, advertorial.
Name the technique: "Absence makes the heart grow fonder".
cliché
Describe the tone and its effect: Inflammatory.
eg "How much longer will you sit in silence while they strip away your rights and trample on your future?"
The author is aiming to arouse anger or passion within the reader, and expects a passionate response.
Name the technique: "It certainly wasn't that way when I grew up..."
Appeal to nostalgia
What is the purpose of an analogy?
An analogy aims to draw a direct comparison to illustrate a point, usually by taking one element that is known to the reader and comparing it to the point that they are making.
Correctly identify the difference between 'target audience', and 'stakeholder'.
TA - A specific group or demographic that an argument is aimed at
Stakeholders - An individual or select group with a direct connection to the issue. Sometimes named by the author or clearly implied as having "skin in the game".
Name the technique: "Don't get caught out - watch the cricket this summer"
Pun
Describe the tone and its effect: Belligerent.
eg"If they think we’re going to back down after everything they’ve taken from us, they’ve got another thing coming."
The author maintains a 'war-like' tone, and is willing to cross/conflict with anyone in their efforts. The reader is often left feeling disconcerted by the abruptness of the writing style.
Name the technique: "We've had to let her go" or "Unfortunately, she didn't make the cut".
Euphemism
What is the purpose of Jargon?
Jargon refers to specialised terms used within a field - therefore helping 'like minds' or experts within the field maintain accuracy, and prove that they are knowledgeable.
Correctly name all the CAPITALS
Contention (Context, Call to action), Argument, Purpose/postioning, Issue/implications, Test type (tone/s), author/audience, (meta)Language, Stakeholders
Name the technique: 'I have a gorgeous pooch and you have a vicious mongrel.'
Connotation
Describe the tone and its effect: Recalcitrant
eg "We don’t care how many times they threaten us — we refuse to be silenced."
A recalcitrant tone is stubborn and defiant, intended to resist authority or expectation and provoke frustration or determination in the listener.
Name the technique: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets..." — Winston Churchill
Anaphora
What is the purpose of allusion?
Allusion is a figure of speech that indirectly references another text/idea. Due to the indirect nature of this, it provides a context to the nature of an argument presented and aims to create a common thread with an audience. Aims to build a relationship of 'knowns'.